STATE OF NEW YORK
        ________________________________________________________________________
                                          3036
                               2017-2018 Regular Sessions
                    IN SENATE
                                    January 19, 2017
                                       ___________
        Introduced  by  Sen.  MONTGOMERY  -- read twice and ordered printed, and
          when printed to be committed to the Committee on Education
        AN ACT to amend the education law, in relation  to  the  development  of
          school  codes  of  conduct and to the treatment of students subject to
          certain disciplinary actions
          The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and  Assem-
        bly, do enact as follows:
     1    Section  1. Section 2801 of the education law, as added by chapter 181
     2  of the laws of 2000, subdivision 1 as amended by chapter 402 of the laws
     3  of 2005, the opening paragraph, paragraphs a and c of subdivision 2  and
     4  paragraph  a  of  subdivision 5 as amended by chapter 380 of the laws of
     5  2001, paragraphs 1 and m as amended and paragraph n of subdivision 2  as
     6  added  by  chapter 482 of the laws of 2010, and subdivision 3 as amended
     7  by chapter 123 of the laws of 2003, is amended to read as follows:
     8    § 2801. Codes of conduct on school property. 1. For purposes  of  this
     9  section,  school property [means in or within] shall mean real, personal
    10  or intellectual property owned, leased or occupied by  a  public  school
    11  including  a  charter  school.  Such  property  shall include but not be
    12  limited to any building, structure, athletic playing field,  playground,
    13  parking  lot or land contained within the real property boundary line of
    14  a public elementary or secondary school; or in or on a  school  bus,  as
    15  defined in section one hundred forty-two of the vehicle and traffic law;
    16  or  electronic  files  and databases; and a school function shall mean a
    17  school-sponsored or school-authorized extra-curricular event or activity
    18  regardless of where or when such event or activity takes place,  includ-
    19  ing any event or activity that may take place in another state.
    20    2.  The  board of education or the trustees, as defined in section two
    21  of this chapter, of every school  district  within  the  state,  however
    22  created,  and every board of cooperative educational services and county
    23  vocational extension board, shall adopt and  amend,  as  appropriate,  a
    24  code  of  conduct  [for  the  maintenance  of  order on school property,

         EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                              [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                                   LBD07973-01-7

        S. 3036                             2

     1  including a school function, which shall govern the conduct of students,
     2  teachers and other school personnel as well  as  visitors]  which  shall
     3  govern  the  conduct of students, school employees and visitors in order
     4  to promote a safe, respectful and supportive learning and teaching envi-
     5  ronment on school property and at school functions and shall provide for
     6  the enforcement thereof. [Such policy may be adopted by the school board
     7  or trustees only after at least one public hearing that provides for the
     8  participation  of  school  personnel,  parents,  students  and any other
     9  interested parties.] Such code of conduct shall apply to  all  students,
    10  school  employees,  school  board  members,  independent contractors and
    11  visitors and include, at a minimum, provisions that:
    12    a.  [provisions regarding conduct, dress and language deemed appropri-
    13  ate and acceptable on school property, including a school function,  and
    14  conduct,  dress  and  language  deemed unacceptable and inappropriate on
    15  school property, including a school function, and  provisions  regarding
    16  acceptable  civil  and respectful treatment of teachers, school adminis-
    17  trators, other school personnel, students and visitors on school proper-
    18  ty, including a school function,  including  the  appropriate  range  of
    19  disciplinary  measures  which may be imposed for violation of such code,
    20  and the roles of teachers, administrators, other school  personnel,  the
    21  board of education and parents;
    22    b.  standards and procedures to assure security and safety of students
    23  and school personnel;
    24    c. provisions for the removal from the classroom and from school prop-
    25  erty, including a school function, of students  and  other  persons  who
    26  violate the code;
    27    d.  disciplinary  measures  to  be  taken  in  incidents involving the
    28  possession or use of illegal substances or weapons, the use of  physical
    29  force,  vandalism,  violation  of  another  student's  civil  rights and
    30  threats of violence;
    31    e. provisions for detention, suspension and removal from the classroom
    32  of students, consistent with section thirty-two hundred fourteen of this
    33  chapter and other applicable federal, state  and  local  laws  including
    34  provisions  for  the school authorities to establish policies and proce-
    35  dures to ensure the provision of continued educational  programming  and
    36  activities for students removed from the classroom, placed in detention,
    37  or suspended from school;
    38    f.]  establish  standards and procedures to assure security and safety
    39  of students and school personnel;
    40    b. establish a school climate  that  promotes  and  sustains  a  safe,
    41  inclusive, civil and respectful school environment for school personnel,
    42  students and visitors on school property and at school functions through
    43  prevention,  intervention  and  discipline  that  support  education and
    44  learning, promotes positive student behaviors, holds  students  account-
    45  able for their behavior and keeps students in school and class;
    46    c. set out clear expectations for student conduct at school and school
    47  functions,  using specific and objective criteria, and define violations
    48  of the code of conduct;
    49    d. require age-appropriate, graduated and proportionate  interventions
    50  and  discipline  that  respond  to  student misconduct and hold students
    51  accountable for their behavior through a process  that  requires  school
    52  personnel  to use the intervention or response that interferes the least
    53  with a student's ability to attend class and school;
    54    e. require the standard use of  school-wide  and  individual  positive
    55  interventions and supports that assist students in developing social and
    56  emotional  competencies such as self-management, resilience, self-aware-

        S. 3036                             3
     1  ness, responsible decision-making, avoiding  conflict,  and  refocus  on
     2  learning, before a child may be suspended;
     3    f.  establish  procedures  for the removal from the classroom and from
     4  school property, including a school  function,  of  students  and  other
     5  persons who violate the code;
     6    g.  establish  the  range  of interventions for student behaviors that
     7  violate the  code  of  conduct  including  graduated  interventions  for
     8  repeated  violations  of  the  code  of conduct; provided, however, that
     9  removal of a student from class or classes, school or  school  functions
    10  for a specific period of time shall not be used to respond to tardiness,
    11  unexcused  absence  from class or school, leaving school without permis-
    12  sion or insubordinate behavior including but not limited to the  use  of
    13  inappropriate  language or gestures, lack of identification upon request
    14  by school personnel or violation of a school dress code.  Suspension  of
    15  students in kindergarten through grade three shall be prohibited, except
    16  in  situations  of  serious  physical harm to students, staff, or others
    17  while taking into account the totality of the circumstances.   Permanent
    18  suspension  from  school  shall  be  prohibited as a response to student
    19  misconduct;
    20    h. establish prevention programs and  services  that  include  school-
    21  based  initiatives  that  promote  a safe and secure environment for all
    22  persons in school or at school functions including but not  limited  to:
    23  comprehensive,  school-based  models  approved  by the commissioner that
    24  improve safety of person and  property,  promote  learning  and  collab-
    25  oration;  interdisciplinary academic and support services provided by or
    26  at the school; and involvement of administrators, teachers, parents  and
    27  students  in identifying specific performance goals and assessment meth-
    28  ods;
    29    i. require the consideration of the use of restorative practices  such
    30  as   conflict   resolution,   mediation,  peer  counseling,  facilitated
    31  discussion and other  restorative  interventions  that  can  effectively
    32  address  student  misconduct, hold students accountable for their behav-
    33  ior, repair harm to persons and property caused by misconduct and foster
    34  healthy relationships within the school community. Restorative practices
    35  may be used only with the consent of any person immediately affected  by
    36  a  student's alleged misconduct, including staff, and, in the case of an
    37  incident where another student has been injured, that  student's  parent
    38  or person in parental relationship to the student and the consent of the
    39  student  who  is  alleged  to  have  behaved  inappropriately  and  that
    40  student's parent;
    41    j. comply with the federal Gun-Free Schools Act;
    42    k. establish the circumstances under and procedures by which a  school
    43  may respond immediately to student behavior that: (i) physically injures
    44  or  poses  an immediate threat of serious physical injury to the student
    45  or other person or persons; or (ii) damages  property  and  such  damage
    46  injures  or  poses an immediate threat of serious physical injury to the
    47  student or other person or persons;
    48    l. establish procedures by which violations of the code of conduct are
    49  reported to the appropriate school personnel,  the  facts  are  investi-
    50  gated,  determined[,  discipline] and intervention measures [imposed and
    51  discipline  measures  carried  out]    decided  and  implemented.   Such
    52  provisions  shall ensure that procedures established are consistent with
    53  this section, section thirty-two hundred fourteen of  this  chapter  and
    54  other federal, state and local laws;

        S. 3036                             4
     1    [g. provisions ensuring] m. ensure such code and [the] its enforcement
     2  [thereof  are in compliance] comply with state and federal laws relating
     3  to students with disabilities;
     4    [h.  provisions  setting  forth  the  procedures  by  which  local law
     5  enforcement agencies shall be notified of code violations which  consti-
     6  tute  a crime] n. define the roles and areas of responsibility of school
     7  personnel, security services and law enforcement for response to student
     8  misconduct that violates the discipline code.  A  school  district  that
     9  employs,  contracts  with or otherwise retains public law enforcement or
    10  public or private security including school resource officers for  daily
    11  services at the school shall, by contract or memorandum of understanding
    12  in  writing and consistent with the code of conduct and with stakeholder
    13  input, including parents,  students,  school  administrators,  teachers,
    14  probation  officers,  prosecutors,  defense  counsel, courts, parent and
    15  student organizations, and community members, establish  protocols  that
    16  define  the  relationship  between  the  school district, its personnel,
    17  students and visitors, and law enforcement, and public or private  secu-
    18  rity.  Such  contract  or  memorandum  of  understanding shall limit law
    19  enforcement or security personnel involvement when a student's  behavior
    20  does  not  threaten  the  safety  of  the school, define which behaviors
    21  should not result in an arrest or summons, require  law  enforcement  or
    22  security  personnel  to  receive  training as required by paragraph t of
    23  this section, and clearly delegate the role of school discipline to  the
    24  school  administration.  Such  contract  or  memorandum of understanding
    25  shall be incorporated into and published as part of the code of conduct;
    26    [i. provisions setting] o.  set  forth  the  circumstances  under  and
    27  procedures  by  which  persons  in  parental  relation  to [the student]
    28  students accused of and affected by student behavior that  violates  the
    29  discipline code shall be notified of code violations;
    30    [j.  provisions  setting]  p.  set  forth  the circumstances under and
    31  procedures by which a complaint in criminal court, a juvenile delinquen-
    32  cy petition or person in need of  supervision  petition  as  defined  in
    33  articles three and seven of the family court act will be filed;
    34    [k.]  q.  set  out  the  circumstances  under  and procedures by which
    35  [referral] students who are suspended from school may also  be  referred
    36  to  academic  services,  school-based support services or to appropriate
    37  human service agencies [shall be made];
    38    [l. a minimum suspension  period,  for  students  who  repeatedly  are
    39  substantially  disruptive  of  the  educational process or substantially
    40  interfere with the teacher's authority over the classroom, provided that
    41  the suspending authority may reduce such period on a case by case  basis
    42  to  be  consistent with any other state and federal law. For purposes of
    43  this section, the definition of "repeatedly  are  substantially  disrup-
    44  tive"  shall  be  determined  in  accordance with the regulations of the
    45  commissioner;
    46    m. a minimum suspension period for acts that would qualify  the  pupil
    47  to  be defined as a violent pupil pursuant to paragraph a of subdivision
    48  two-a of section thirty-two hundred fourteen of this  chapter,  provided
    49  that  the  suspending authority may reduce such period on a case by case
    50  basis to be consistent with any other state and federal law; and
    51    n. provisions to comply with article two of this chapter.]
    52    r. ensure the continued educational  programming  and  activities  for
    53  students  removed  from the classroom or suspended from school. Students
    54  who have been removed from the classroom or suspended from school  shall
    55  have  the  right to continue their education when they are excluded from

        S. 3036                             5
     1  the classroom regardless of the reason  for  or  type  of  exclusion  as
     2  follows:
     3    (i) when a student is removed from a classroom, the teacher, principal
     4  or  the  principal's  designee shall provide the student with all missed
     5  classroom work within twenty-four hours of the removal and  the  student
     6  shall  have  the  opportunity  to earn all academic credit including the
     7  opportunity to complete any missed assignments and take any missed exam-
     8  inations or tests.
     9    (ii) when a student is suspended from class or school,  the  principal
    10  or  the  principal's designee, in consultation with the student's teach-
    11  ers, shall create for the student an education plan for each subject  of
    12  class  in  which  the student is enrolled. The education plan shall make
    13  provisions for a student's  on-going  academic  instruction  during  the
    14  suspension.  The student shall have the opportunity to earn all academic
    15  credit including the opportunity to complete any  assignments  and  take
    16  any  examinations or tests missed during the student's suspension and if
    17  an assessment or examination cannot be rescheduled, the student shall be
    18  allowed on school property to take such assessment or examination on the
    19  day that the assessment or examination is given.
    20    (iii) the education plan pursuant to subparagraph (ii) of  this  para-
    21  graph  may  include placement of the suspended student at an alternative
    22  learning site including the student's home if such alternative is avail-
    23  able and appropriate for the student's education. The principal  or  the
    24  principal's  designee  at  the  school  in which the student is enrolled
    25  shall consult with the administrator of an alternative site or,  in  the
    26  case  of  the  student's home, with the teacher overseeing home instruc-
    27  tion, to make arrangements for the student's continued instruction.
    28    (iv) school districts must provide to students with  disabilities  all
    29  services  and  educational  programming  protections  set  forth in this
    30  section and in applicable federal and state laws.
    31    (v) schools must schedule a conference within five school days after a
    32  student's return to school after any short term or long term  suspension
    33  and  provide notice of the conference to the parent and the student. The
    34  failure of the parent or student to  attend  shall  not  delay  re-entry
    35  following suspension, nor shall a principal be held responsible if he or
    36  she  makes  a good faith effort to make the parent or student attend and
    37  is unsuccessful. The conference must include a discussion of the follow-
    38  ing:
    39    (A) a record of the student's educational activities while on  suspen-
    40  sion  that  can be counted toward credit accumulation. This record shall
    41  include the student's test scores, grades,  completed  assignments,  and
    42  total credits earned while suspended, and the student's existing academ-
    43  ic record can be used for these purposes, given the record provides this
    44  information for the period of the suspension;
    45    (B)  the  steps  the  student  and  the school will take to follow all
    46  school rules;
    47    (C) the supports the school will provide for the student  to  success-
    48  fully re-enter school;
    49    (D)  a  discussion  of  when  a  student's  permanent  record  will be
    50  expunged, given there are no further incidents; and
    51    (E) any other pertinent circumstances;
    52    s. require the school to maintain in the  student's  permanent  record
    53  documentation  of  interventions  determined for student misconduct, the
    54  intervention or discipline imposed and  reinstatement.  Discipline  that
    55  was proposed but was not implemented, was dismissed or was overturned on
    56  appeal  shall  not  appear  in  the  student's  permanent record. When a

        S. 3036                             6
     1  student has been suspended and reinstated to school, the record  of  the
     2  suspension  shall  be  automatically expunged at the time agreed upon in
     3  the conference upon return from suspension. The student may request that
     4  the  school expunge permanently the student's record of discipline soon-
     5  er, and the school shall not refuse to expunge a record  except  upon  a
     6  showing  of  good  cause.   Records of suspensions and removals shall be
     7  maintained as necessary for purposes of evaluating the requirement for a
     8  manifestation determination review, but these records shall not be  part
     9  of  the  student's permanent record.  Student disciplinary records shall
    10  be subject to article two of this chapter and other  applicable  federal
    11  and state laws; and
    12    t.  require  pre-service  and  annual  training  regarding the code of
    13  conduct and the  intervention  and  positive  school  climate  practices
    14  adopted  pursuant  to  this  section  for  maintaining order, addressing
    15  student conduct and misbehavior, minimizing the use of  suspension,  and
    16  addressing  disparities  in  discipline. Training shall also ensure that
    17  relevant policies and procedures are equitably applied, and that  alter-
    18  native  interventions,  such  as restorative practices and graduated and
    19  proportionate discipline are utilized in accordance  with  this  section
    20  for  all  school  personnel,  students  and  law  enforcement, public or
    21  private security personnel employed, retained  or  used  by  the  school
    22  district.  A  school  district  may  use  training programs including in
    23  person and on-line programs  approved  by  the  commissioner;  provided,
    24  however,  that  such training includes the school district's own code of
    25  conduct. At the  beginning  of  each  school  year,  each  school  shall
    26  distribute  and  explain  its code of conduct to students in one or more
    27  general assemblies.
    28    3. The district code of conduct shall be  developed  in  collaboration
    29  with  [student, teacher, administrator, and parent organizations, school
    30  safety personnel and other school personnel]  representatives  from  all
    31  segments  of the school community including students, teachers, adminis-
    32  trators, parents, school safety personnel, support  services  personnel,
    33  parent and student organizations, and others as identified by the school
    34  district  and  shall  be  approved  by  the board of education, or other
    35  governing body, or by the chancellor of the city school district in  the
    36  case  of  the  city school district of the city of New York. In the city
    37  school district of the city of New York, each community district  educa-
    38  tion council shall be authorized to adopt and implement additional poli-
    39  cies,  which  are  consistent with and no more restrictive than the city
    40  district's district-wide code of  conduct,  to  reflect  the  individual
    41  needs  of  each  community school district provided that such additional
    42  policies shall require the approval of the chancellor.
    43    4. [The board of education, chancellor or other governing  body  shall
    44  provide  copies of a summary of the code of conduct to all students at a
    45  general assembly held at the beginning of the school year and shall make
    46  copies of the code available to persons in parental relation to students
    47  at the beginning of each school year, and shall mail  a  plain  language
    48  summary  of  such  code  to all persons in parental relation to students
    49  before the beginning of each school year, and make it  available  there-
    50  after  upon request. The board of education, chancellor or other govern-
    51  ing body shall take reasonable steps to ensure  community  awareness  of
    52  the code provisions.
    53    5.  a.]  The board of education, board of directors or other governing
    54  body, or the chancellor of the city school district in the case  of  the
    55  city  school  district  of  the city of New York shall hold at least one
    56  public hearing about the proposed code of conduct before its adoption or

        S. 3036                             7
     1  amendment. The school district shall notify  the  school  community  and
     2  general  public about the hearing at least thirty days prior to the date
     3  of the hearing. Such notice shall include the date, time  and  place  of
     4  the  hearing,  the  agenda,  a  copy of the proposed code of conduct and
     5  information about an opportunity, as determined by the school  district,
     6  for  comment  from the school community and the general public about the
     7  proposed code of conduct. The school district shall take necessary steps
     8  to notify families who do not speak English and  whose  children  attend
     9  schools in the district.
    10    5.  Upon  adoption  or  amendment  of  the code of conduct, the school
    11  district shall: (i) file a copy of its code of conduct  and  any  amend-
    12  ments to such code with the commissioner no later than thirty days after
    13  their  adoption; (ii) translate the code of conduct into those languages
    14  spoken by three percent or more of the families  whose  children  attend
    15  schools  in  the  school district; (iii) at the beginning of each school
    16  year, post the code of conduct on the school  district  and  school  web
    17  sites,  if  any  and  mail  a  copy  of  the code to persons in parental
    18  relationship to students in the district's schools; and (iv)  distribute
    19  the  code  to  all  students in school at one or more general assemblies
    20  dedicated to the provisions of the code of conduct. The school  district
    21  shall also make the code of conduct available upon request.
    22    6.  The  board  of education, chancellor or other governing body shall
    23  annually review and update the district's codes of conduct if necessary,
    24  taking into consideration the effectiveness of code provisions  and  the
    25  fairness  and consistency of its administration. Each school district is
    26  authorized to establish a committee and to facilitate the review of  the
    27  code  of  conduct  and  the  district's  response  to  code  of  conduct
    28  violations. Any such committee shall be comprised of similar individuals
    29  described in subdivision three of this section. [The school board, chan-
    30  cellor, or other governing body shall reapprove any  such  updated  code
    31  only  after  at  least  one public hearing that provides for the partic-
    32  ipation of school personnel, parents, students and any other  interested
    33  parties.
    34    b.  Each  district  shall file a copy of its codes of conduct with the
    35  commissioner and all amendments to such code shall  be  filed  with  the
    36  commissioner no later than thirty days after their adoption.]
    37    7.  The  department shall collect and school districts shall report to
    38  the department data about the implementation of student codes of conduct
    39  as required by federal law. On or before November first  of  each  year,
    40  the department shall make available to the public by school district the
    41  data  regarding student discipline from the preceding year. On or before
    42  December first of each year the department shall submit to the governor,
    43  the temporary president of the senate, the speaker of the  assembly  and
    44  the chairs of the assembly and senate education committees a report that
    45  summarizes  and  analyzes  the  data  collected about student discipline
    46  including a review and evaluation of  school  application  of  codes  of
    47  conduct  for  fair  and  consistent application and other accountability
    48  criteria as determined by the department and make recommendations  about
    49  policy  and  practices  for school codes of conduct and the department's
    50  technical assistance about student discipline.
    51    § 2. Subdivision 3 of section 2801 of the education law, as  added  by
    52  chapter 181 of the laws of 2000, is amended to read as follows:
    53    3.  The  district  code of conduct shall be developed in collaboration
    54  with [student, teacher, administrator, and parent organizations,  school
    55  safety  personnel  and  other school personnel] representatives from all
    56  segments of the school community including students, teachers,  adminis-

        S. 3036                             8
     1  trators,  parents,  school safety personnel, support services personnel,
     2  parent and student organizations, and others as identified by the school
     3  district and shall be approved by  the  board  of  education,  or  other
     4  governing  body, or by the chancellor of the city school district in the
     5  case of the city school district of the city of New York.  In  the  city
     6  school  district of the city of New York, each community school district
     7  board shall be authorized to adopt and  implement  additional  policies,
     8  which  are  consistent  with  the  city district's district-wide code of
     9  conduct, to reflect  the  individual  needs  of  each  community  school
    10  district  provided  that  such  additional  policies  shall  require the
    11  approval of the chancellor.
    12    § 3. Section 3214 of the education law, as amended by chapter  181  of
    13  the  laws  of  2000,  subparagraph  1 of paragraph c of subdivision 3 as
    14  amended by chapter 430 of the laws of 2006, paragraphs d and f of subdi-
    15  vision 3 as amended by chapter 425 of the laws of 2002, paragraph  e  of
    16  subdivision 3 as amended by chapter 170 of the laws of 2006, paragraph g
    17  of  subdivision  3 as amended by chapter 352 of the laws of 2005, clause
    18  (v) of subparagraph 3 of paragraph g of  subdivision  3  as  amended  by
    19  chapter  378  of  the laws of 2007, paragraphs a, b and c of subdivision
    20  3-a as amended by chapter 147 of the laws of 2001, and subdivision 7  as
    21  added by chapter 101 of the laws of 2003, is amended to read as follows:
    22    §  3214.  Student interventions, placement, suspensions and transfers.
    23  1. [School delinquent. A minor under seventeen years of age, required by
    24  any of the provisions of  part  one  of  this  article  to  attend  upon
    25  instruction,  who  is  an  habitual  truant  from such instruction or is
    26  irregular in such attendance or insubordinate or disorderly  or  disrup-
    27  tive or violent during such attendance, is a school delinquent.
    28    2.]  Special day schools. The school authorities of any city or school
    29  district may establish schools or  set  apart  rooms  in  public  school
    30  buildings  for  the  instruction of [school delinquents] students disci-
    31  plined in violation of the code of conduct, and fix the number  of  days
    32  per  week  and the hours per day of required attendance, which shall not
    33  be less than is required of minors attending the full time day schools.
    34    [2-a. a. Violent pupil. For the purposes of this  section,  a  violent
    35  pupil  is  an  elementary or secondary student under twenty-one years of
    36  age who:
    37    (1) commits an act of violence upon a teacher, administrator or  other
    38  school employee;
    39    (2)  commits,  while  on  school district property, an act of violence
    40  upon another student or any other person lawfully upon said property;
    41    (3) possesses, while  on  school  district  property,  a  gun,  knife,
    42  explosive  or  incendiary bomb, or other dangerous instrument capable of
    43  causing physical injury or death;
    44    (4) displays, while on school district property, what appears to be  a
    45  gun,  knife,  explosive or incendiary bomb or other dangerous instrument
    46  capable of causing death or physical injury;
    47    (5) threatens, while on school district property, to use  any  instru-
    48  ment that appears capable of causing physical injury or death;
    49    (6) knowingly and intentionally damages or destroys the personal prop-
    50  erty  of a teacher, administrator, other school district employee or any
    51  person lawfully upon school district property; or
    52    (7) knowingly and intentionally damages or  destroys  school  district
    53  property.
    54    b.  Disruptive  pupil.  For the purposes of this section, a disruptive
    55  pupil is an elementary or secondary student under  twenty-one  years  of
    56  age  who  is  substantially  disruptive  of  the  educational process or

        S. 3036                             9

     1  substantially interferes with the teacher's authority  over  the  class-
     2  room.
     3    3.] 2. Determination of student misconduct.  Decisions about appropri-
     4  ate  discipline  and  interventions in response to student behavior that
     5  violates a school's code of conduct shall be  based  on  the  likelihood
     6  that  a  lesser  intervention  would  adequately  address  the student's
     7  misconduct, redress any harm or damage, and prevent future behavior that
     8  violates the code of conduct. Furthermore, disciplinary responses  shall
     9  be  based  on  the  facts  of each case as determined including, but not
    10  limited to:
    11    a. the nature of the student's alleged misconduct;
    12    b. the impact of the student's alleged misconduct including,  but  not
    13  limited  to the harm to the student or other persons; damage to personal
    14  or school property; and threat to the safety and welfare of  the  school
    15  community;
    16    c.  the  ability  of  the student to understand and participate in the
    17  student's disciplinary process including, but not limited to,  consider-
    18  ation  of  the student's age, ability to speak English, physical health,
    19  mental health, disabilities and provisions of  an  individual  education
    20  program;
    21    d.  the  student's  willingness to resolve the conflict and repair the
    22  harm or damage;
    23    e. the student's record of behavior and discipline; and
    24    f. such other factors  as  determined  by  school  personnel  and  the
    25  student  to  be  relevant  including  a review of the student's academic
    26  placement and program for its relationship, if  any,  to  the  student's
    27  behavior and alleged violation of the code of conduct.
    28    3.  Unless  prohibited  by law, restorative practices such as conflict
    29  resolution, mediation, peer counseling, facilitated discussion and other
    30  restorative interventions that can effectively address  student  miscon-
    31  duct,  hold  students  accountable  for  their  behavior, repair harm to
    32  persons and property caused by misconduct and foster  healthy  relation-
    33  ships  within the school community, may be used at the discretion of the
    34  school to respond to student misconduct pursuant to the code of conduct.
    35    a. Restorative practices that require the participation of a person or
    36  persons affected by a student's alleged misconduct may be used only with
    37  the consent of such person or persons. In the case of an incident  where
    38  another student has been injured, restorative practices that require the
    39  participation  of  a  person  or  persons injured by a student's alleged
    40  misconduct may be used only with the consent of such student's parent or
    41  person in parental relationship to the student and the  consent  of  the
    42  student  who  is  alleged  to  have  behaved  inappropriately  and  such
    43  student's parent.
    44    b. The commissioner shall issue rules  and  regulations  and  identify
    45  best  practices about the process and procedures for the use of restora-
    46  tive practices in response to student behavior that  allegedly  violates
    47  the code of conduct.
    48    4.  Suspension of a pupil for a period not to exceed five school days.
    49  [a. The board of education, board  of  trustees  or  sole  trustee,  the
    50  superintendent of schools, district superintendent of schools or princi-
    51  pal  of  a school may suspend the following pupils from required attend-
    52  ance upon instruction:
    53    A pupil who is insubordinate or disorderly or violent  or  disruptive,
    54  or  whose  conduct  otherwise  endangers  the  safety, morals, health or
    55  welfare of others.

        S. 3036                            10

     1    b. (1)] The board of education, board of trustees,  or  sole  trustee,
     2  superintendent  of  schools,  district superintendent of schools and the
     3  principal of the school where the pupil attends shall have  the  [power]
     4  authority to suspend a pupil for a period not to exceed five school days
     5  if  a  pupil  engages  in behavior that violates the code of conduct for
     6  which such suspension may be warranted and no  alternative  intervention
     7  is  appropriate to address the alleged misconduct. In the case of such a
     8  suspension, the suspending  authority  shall  [provide  the  pupil  with
     9  notice  of  the  charged misconduct. If the pupil denies the misconduct,
    10  the suspending authority shall provide an explanation of the  basis  for
    11  the  suspension.  The  pupil  and the person in parental relation to the
    12  pupil shall, on request, be given an opportunity for an informal confer-
    13  ence with the principal at which the pupil  and/or  person  in  parental
    14  relation shall be authorized to present the pupil's version of the event
    15  and  to ask questions of the complaining witnesses. The aforesaid notice
    16  and opportunity for an informal conference shall  take  place  prior  to
    17  suspension  of the pupil unless the pupil's presence in the school poses
    18  a continuing danger to persons or  property  or  an  ongoing  threat  of
    19  disruption to the academic process, in which case the pupil's notice and
    20  opportunity  for  an  informal conference shall take place as soon after
    21  the suspension  as  is  reasonably  practicable.]interview  any  alleged
    22  victim  and the witnesses to the incident and obtain their signed, writ-
    23  ten statements; identify and review documentary, photographic, video and
    24  other evidence, and make a determination whether  the  student  violated
    25  the code of conduct and, if so, possible discipline including suspension
    26  of  five or fewer school days is warranted. The principal or the princi-
    27  pal's designee shall take into account all  of  the  factors  listed  in
    28  subdivision two of this section. The suspending authority shall also:
    29    a.  inform  the  pupil  accused of misconduct and a person in parental
    30  relationship to the pupil in writing about the determination to  seek  a
    31  suspension  on  the same day as such determination, describe the miscon-
    32  duct of which the student is accused, and provide an explanation of  the
    33  evidence;
    34    b.  provide the pupil and the person in parental relation to the pupil
    35  an opportunity for an informal conference with the  principal  at  which
    36  the  pupil  or  person  in  parental relationship shall be authorized to
    37  present the pupil's version of  the  event.  The  aforesaid  notice  and
    38  opportunity  for  an  informal  conference shall take place prior to the
    39  suspension of the pupil.  The student shall be allowed to attend classes
    40  and otherwise remain in school, pending  the  outcome  of  the  informal
    41  conference  with  the  principal, unless paragraph g of this subdivision
    42  applies.   The suspending  authority  shall  take  reasonable  steps  to
    43  provide  the written notice described in paragraph a of this subdivision
    44  in the first language of a parent or person  in  parental  relation  who
    45  does not read or speak English. The written notice shall include:
    46    (1)  a  description  of  the  circumstances  upon which allegations of
    47  misconduct are based, including the  date,  time  and  location  of  the
    48  alleged  incident,  the  section  of  the code of conduct that the pupil
    49  allegedly violated  and  disciplinary  action  that  may  be  warranted,
    50  including the length of a possible suspension;
    51    (2) the date, time and place for the informal conference;
    52    (3)  a  statement  including  the  positive interventions and practice
    53  used, or if none were used, why they were not, and  explaining  why  the
    54  use of exclusionary discipline may be justified;
    55    (4)  a  copy  of  all  documentary evidence related to the incident of
    56  behavior that allegedly violates the code of conduct including, but  not

        S. 3036                            11
     1  limited  to,  incident  reports  and  audio or video recordings that the
     2  school possesses regarding the incident and  a  list  of  witnesses  and
     3  their  statements.  If  any of the documentary evidence required by this
     4  subparagraph  is  not  available at the time the notice is provided, the
     5  notice must include a list of  the  missing  documentary  evidence.  Any
     6  missing  documentary evidence must be provided no later than twenty-four
     7  hours before the conference;
     8    (5) a statement of pupil and parent rights pursuant  to  the  code  of
     9  conduct including the right to call and question witnesses, the right to
    10  legal  representation or an advocate, the right to interpretation at the
    11  conference by a qualified  interpreter  and  the  right  to  appeal  any
    12  suspension  imposed  to  the  superintendent,  the  school  board or the
    13  commissioner and the procedures for such an appeal;
    14    (6) a statement that once the length of time of the student's  suspen-
    15  sion concludes, the student is automatically reinstated to school;
    16    (7) The notice shall also state to the person in parental relationship
    17  to the pupil that if the child has been arrested or if a criminal inves-
    18  tigation  is  pending,  a pupil may choose not to make a written or oral
    19  statement concerning the incident, and any statement made by the  pupil,
    20  written  or  oral,  might be used against the pupil in a criminal, immi-
    21  gration, or juvenile delinquency investigation and/or proceeding, and/or
    22  in a court of law.
    23    c. At the informal  conference,  the  pupil  and  person  in  parental
    24  relation  to  the  pupil shall have the right to request the presence of
    25  witnesses, including witnesses who are students,  school  employees,  or
    26  safety or law enforcement personnel on campus. The school shall take all
    27  reasonable  steps  to  ensure  the  presence of such witnesses, with the
    28  understanding that the principal cannot control  the  actions  of  those
    29  outside his or her school community.
    30    d.  At  the informal conference participants shall assess the facts of
    31  the incident  of  alleged  misconduct,  determine  whether  the  student
    32  violated  the  code  of  conduct  and,  if  so,  whether  suspension  is
    33  warranted, establish an education plan for the pupil, including academic
    34  and support services, and  a  plan  for  the  pupil's  reinstatement  to
    35  school.
    36    e.  The  suspending authority shall issue a written decision about any
    37  disciplinary action within two days of the conference. If the  principal
    38  determines  that  a suspension of five school days or less is warranted,
    39  the written decision shall state the length of the suspension,  findings
    40  of fact, reasons for the determination, the procedures for an appeal and
    41  the  date  by which an appeal must be filed.  The written decision shall
    42  be provided to the person in parental relation to the pupil.
    43    f. A pupil suspended for inappropriate behavior and person in parental
    44  relationship may appeal a suspension of five days or less to the  school
    45  district superintendent. If the superintendent participated in the deci-
    46  sion  to suspend the pupil, the pupil or person in parental relationship
    47  to the pupil may appeal to the school board, board of  trustees,  or  in
    48  the  city  of  New York, to the chancellor. An appeal of a suspension of
    49  five or fewer days must be decided within  ten  days  of  receiving  the
    50  appeal. The person deciding the appeal may uphold or reverse the suspen-
    51  sion  but  cannot  impose a longer suspension or additional disciplinary
    52  terms or conditions. The person deciding the  appeal  must  reverse  and
    53  expunge  the  suspension if: (1) the suspension was imposed for behavior
    54  for which suspension is prohibited by  law  or  not  authorized  by  the
    55  school's  code  of  conduct;  (2)  the school did not present sufficient
    56  evidence to establish that the student violated the code of conduct  and

        S. 3036                            12
     1  that  a  suspension  was  warranted  for  that violation; (3) the school
     2  failed to show that a lesser exclusionary intervention could not address
     3  the student misconduct; (4) the school did not follow due process proce-
     4  dures; or (5) the facts and considerations required by the school's code
     5  of  conduct do not support the decision to suspend the pupil. The super-
     6  intendent or school board may reverse and expunge the suspension if  the
     7  school  did  not  impose  graduated  and proportionate discipline or the
     8  suspension was not appropriate given  the  facts  as  presented  at  the
     9  conference.
    10    g.  A  pupil whose misconduct physically injures or poses an immediate
    11  threat of serious physical injury  to  the  pupil  or  other  person  or
    12  persons  or  who  damages  property  and such damage injures or poses an
    13  immediate threat of serious physical injury to the pupil or other person
    14  or persons, the pupil  may  be  removed  immediately  and  the  informal
    15  conference  shall  follow as soon after the pupil's removal as practica-
    16  ble, but in no case more than forty-eight hours after such  removal.  If
    17  immediate removal from school is necessary, the school shall immediately
    18  notify  a  person in parental relationship to the pupil to determine how
    19  to transfer the pupil to the person  in  parental  relationship  to  the
    20  pupil.
    21    [(2)  A  teacher shall immediately report and refer a violent pupil to
    22  the principal or superintendent for a violation of the code  of  conduct
    23  and a minimum suspension period pursuant to section twenty-eight hundred
    24  one of this chapter.
    25    c. (1) No pupil may be suspended for a period in excess of five school
    26  days unless such pupil and the person in parental relation to such pupil
    27  shall  have  had  an  opportunity  for  a  fair hearing, upon reasonable
    28  notice, at which such pupil shall have the right  of  representation  by
    29  counsel,  with the right to question witnesses against such pupil and to
    30  present witnesses and other evidence on his or  her  behalf.  Where  the
    31  pupil  is  a  student  with a disability or a student presumed to have a
    32  disability, the provisions of paragraph g of this subdivision shall also
    33  apply. Where a pupil has been suspended in accordance with this subpara-
    34  graph  by  a  superintendent  of  schools,  district  superintendent  of
    35  schools,   or   community   superintendent,   the  superintendent  shall
    36  personally hear and determine the proceeding  or  may,  in  his  or  her
    37  discretion,  designate  a  hearing  officer  to conduct the hearing. The
    38  hearing officer shall be authorized to administer  oaths  and  to  issue
    39  subpoenas in conjunction with the proceeding before him or her. A record
    40  of the hearing shall be maintained, but no stenographic transcript shall
    41  be  required and a tape recording shall be deemed a satisfactory record.
    42  The hearing officer shall make findings of fact and  recommendations  as
    43  to  the  appropriate  measure  of  discipline to the superintendent. The
    44  report of the hearing officer shall be advisory  only,  and  the  super-
    45  intendent  may  accept  all or any part thereof. An appeal will lie from
    46  the decision of the superintendent to the board of education  who  shall
    47  make  its decision solely upon the record before it. The board may adopt
    48  in whole or in part the  decision  of  the  superintendent  of  schools.
    49  Where  the  basis  for  the  suspension  is,  in  whole  or in part, the
    50  possession on school grounds or school property by the  student  of  any
    51  firearm,  rifle, shotgun, dagger, dangerous knife, dirk, razor, stiletto
    52  or any of the weapons, instruments or appliances specified  in  subdivi-
    53  sion  one  of  section  265.01  of the penal law, the hearing officer or
    54  superintendent shall not be barred from considering the admissibility of
    55  such weapon, instrument or  appliance  as  evidence,  notwithstanding  a
    56  determination  by a court in a criminal or juvenile delinquency proceed-

        S. 3036                            13

     1  ing that the recovery of such weapon, instrument or  appliance  was  the
     2  result of an unlawful search or seizure.
     3    (2)  Where  a pupil has been suspended in accordance with this section
     4  by a board of education, the board may in its discretion hear and deter-
     5  mine the proceeding or appoint a hearing officer who shall have the same
     6  powers and duties with respect to the board that a hearing  officer  has
     7  with  respect  to  a  superintendent where the suspension was ordered by
     8  him. The findings and recommendations of the hearing officer  conducting
     9  the  proceeding  shall  be  advisory  and subject to final action by the
    10  board of education, each member of which shall before voting review  the
    11  testimony  and acquaint himself with the evidence in the case. The board
    12  may reject, confirm or modify the conclusions of the hearing officer.]
    13    5. Suspension of a pupil for six to twenty days.  The board of  educa-
    14  tion,  board  of  trustees,  or sole trustee, superintendent of schools,
    15  district superintendent of schools and the principal of the school where
    16  the pupil attends shall have the authority to  suspend  a  pupil  for  a
    17  period  of  between  six  to twenty days if a pupil violates the code of
    18  conduct for which such suspension may be warranted, no restorative prac-
    19  tice is adequate to address the misconduct, and a  suspension  of  fewer
    20  than  six  days  cannot address the misconduct. The suspending authority
    21  shall take the following steps before determining that a suspension  for
    22  a period of between six to twenty days is proposed:
    23    a.  interview  any  alleged  victim  and witnesses to the incident and
    24  obtain their signed, written statements; identify and review documentary
    25  photographic, video, and other evidence; determine  whether  appropriate
    26  interventions,  including  restorative practices can address the alleged
    27  violation of the code of conduct; and if not, make a determination about
    28  possible discipline including suspension for a period of between six  to
    29  twenty school days if warranted. The principal or the principal's desig-
    30  nee shall take into account all of the factors listed in subdivision two
    31  of this section;
    32    b.  shall send immediate written notice to the pupil and the person in
    33  parental  relationship  to  the pupil about the determination to suspend
    34  the pupil and the hearing. The suspending authority shall  take  reason-
    35  able  steps  to  provide  such written notice in the first language of a
    36  parent or person in  parental  relation  who  does  not  read  or  speak
    37  English. The written notice shall include:
    38    (1)  a  description  of  the  facts  and  circumstances upon which the
    39  alleged violations of the code of conduct are based, the section of  the
    40  code  of  conduct  that  the  pupil  allegedly violated and disciplinary
    41  action that may be warranted including the length of a possible  suspen-
    42  sion;
    43    (2)  the date, time and place for the hearing to determine whether the
    44  proposed suspension is warranted;
    45    (3) a statement including the  positive  interventions  and  practices
    46  used,  or  if  none were used, why they were not, and explaining why the
    47  use of exclusionary discipline may be justified.
    48    (4) a copy of all documentary evidence related to the incident of  the
    49  behavior  that  is  alleged to violate the code of conduct including but
    50  not limited to incident reports, witness statements, and audio or  video
    51  recordings  that  the school possesses regarding the incident and a list
    52  of witnesses who may appear at the hearing. If any  of  the  documentary
    53  evidence  required  by  this  paragraph is not available at the time the
    54  notice is provided, the notice must include a list of the missing  docu-
    55  mentary  evidence.  Any missing documentary evidence must be provided no
    56  later than twenty-four hours before the hearing;

        S. 3036                            14
     1    (5) a statement of pupil and parent rights pursuant  to  the  code  of
     2  conduct  including the right to call and question witnesses at the hear-
     3  ing, the right to legal representation or an advocate during the suspen-
     4  sion process, the right to interpretation at the hearing by a  qualified
     5  interpreter  and the right to appeal to the superintendent, the board of
     6  trustees, the school board or the commissioner and  the  procedures  for
     7  such an appeal;
     8    (6) The notice shall also state to the person in parental relationship
     9  to  the pupil that any statement by the pupil, written or oral, might be
    10  used against the pupil in a criminal, immigration,  or  juvenile  delin-
    11  quency investigation and/or proceeding, and/or in a court of law.
    12    c.  Hearing.  The  suspending authority shall convene a hearing within
    13  five days of the written notice to the  pupil  and  person  in  parental
    14  relationship  to  the  pupil  about  the suspension unless the person in
    15  parental relationship to the pupil requests a later date.  The  suspend-
    16  ing authority shall confirm the date, time and place of the hearing with
    17  all  hearing  participants  and  document  such  confirmation.  If it is
    18  requested, the school board shall appoint a hearing officer who is inde-
    19  pendent of the suspending authority, to hear  the  case.    The  hearing
    20  shall be conducted as follows:
    21    (1)  The  hearing  officer is authorized to administer oaths and issue
    22  subpoenas in conjunction with the proceedings;
    23    (2) The school must prove that the pupil violated the code of  conduct
    24  by a preponderance of the evidence;
    25    (3) The school cannot rely exclusively on hearsay evidence to meet its
    26  burden of proof.
    27    (4)  The  pupil and person in parental relationship to the pupil shall
    28  have the right to request the presence and testimony  of  the  following
    29  persons and subject such testimony to question and the school shall take
    30  reasonable steps to secure the attendance of such persons:
    31    (i) witnesses including pupils and visitors;
    32    (ii)  school  employees and the school shall make the requested school
    33  employees available at the hearing; and
    34    (iii) law enforcement and private or public security retained  by  the
    35  school  district  pursuant  to  contract  or memorandum of understanding
    36  required by section twenty-eight hundred one of this chapter.
    37    (5) The pupil and person in parental relationship to the  pupil  shall
    38  have the right to present documentary evidence including, but not limit-
    39  ed  to,  witness  statements,  incident  reports,  and  audio  and video
    40  recordings;
    41    (6) The pupil and person in parental relationship to the  pupil  shall
    42  have the right to representation by an attorney or an advocate;
    43    (7)  The hearing officer shall consider only the evidence presented at
    44  the hearing and may uphold, reduce or dismiss the  proposed  suspension.
    45  The  hearing officer must dismiss the proposed suspension if the hearing
    46  officer determines that:
    47    (i) the suspension was imposed for a behavior for which suspension  is
    48  not authorized or prohibited by law or the school's code of conduct;
    49    (ii) the school did not meet its burden of proof that a suspension for
    50  a period of between six to twenty days is warranted;
    51    (iii)  the  school  did  not follow the due process procedures in this
    52  subsection; or
    53    (iv) facts and considerations required by the school's code of conduct
    54  do not support the decision to suspend the pupil.
    55    (8) The hearing officer may dismiss or reduce the proposed  suspension
    56  if the hearing officer determines:

        S. 3036                            15
     1    (i)  the school did not impose graduated and proportionate discipline;
     2  or
     3    (ii)  the  suspension was not appropriate given the facts as presented
     4  at the hearing.
     5    (9) Upon request of the pupil or person in  parental  relationship  to
     6  the pupil, the school shall provide interpretation services in the first
     7  language of the pupil or person in parental relationship to the pupil;
     8    (10)  An  accurate  and  complete record of the hearing shall be main-
     9  tained by the school, but no stenographic record shall be  required  and
    10  an  audio or video recording shall be deemed a satisfactory record. When
    11  requested, the suspending authority shall provide to the pupil or person
    12  in parental relationship this record as well as any  transcript  of  the
    13  record at no cost;
    14    (11)  The hearing officer shall issue a written decision to the school
    15  and the pupil and person in parental relationship to the pupil about any
    16  disciplinary action within three days of the hearing.   If  the  hearing
    17  officer  determines  that  a  suspension of between six to twenty school
    18  days is warranted, the written decision shall state the  length  of  the
    19  suspension,  findings of fact, reasons for the determination, the proce-
    20  dures for an appeal and the date by which an appeal must be filed.
    21    d. Appeal. The pupil or person in parental relationship to  the  pupil
    22  shall  have  a  right  to  appeal the decision of the hearing officer as
    23  follows:
    24    (1) the appeal shall be filed within thirty days of the date when  the
    25  pupil and person in parental relationship to the pupil receive the deci-
    26  sion about a suspension of six or more school days;
    27    (2)  the  school's  code  of  conduct must identify the procedures for
    28  appeal of suspensions for periods of more than twenty days.  The  appeal
    29  shall  be  heard  only  by  a person who was not involved in the initial
    30  determination or hearing about the suspension of the pupil;
    31    (3) the decision on appeal must be based solely on the hearing  record
    32  except  to  the  extent that the pupil's rights were violated during the
    33  investigation, hearing, or appeal process;
    34    (4) the person hearing the appeal shall issue a written decision with-
    35  in ten days of the filing of the appeal.  The suspension may be  upheld,
    36  reduced  or overturned.  The person deciding the appeal must reverse the
    37  suspension if: (i) the suspension was imposed  for  behavior  for  which
    38  suspension  is  prohibited  by  law  or  not  authorized  by the code of
    39  conduct; (ii) the school did not present sufficient evidence to meet its
    40  burden of proof; (iii) the school did not follow due process procedures;
    41  or (iv) the facts and considerations required by the  school's  code  of
    42  conduct  do  not  support the decision to suspend the pupil for a period
    43  between six to twenty days. The person deciding the appeal may  overturn
    44  or  reduce  the  suspension  if  the school did not impose graduated and
    45  proportionate discipline or the suspension was not appropriate given the
    46  facts as presented at the hearing;
    47    (5) The pupil or person in parental relationship to  the  student  may
    48  appeal  any  adverse  determination  on  the  appeal to the commissioner
    49  pursuant to the regulations of the commissioner; and
    50    (6) The pupil or person in parental  relationship  to  the  pupil  may
    51  appeal  an  adverse  decision  of  the commissioner to the state supreme
    52  court within ninety days of receipt of the decision by the commissioner.
    53    [d. (1)] 6. a. Consistent with the federal gun-free schools  act,  any
    54  public  school  pupil  who  is determined under this subdivision to have
    55  brought a firearm to or possessed a firearm at a public school shall  be
    56  suspended  for  a  period  of  not  less  than one calendar year and any

        S. 3036                            16
     1  nonpublic school pupil participating in a program operated by  a  public
     2  school  district using funds from the elementary and secondary education
     3  act of nineteen hundred sixty-five who is determined under this subdivi-
     4  sion  to  have  brought  a firearm to or possessed a firearm at a public
     5  school or other premises used by the school  district  to  provide  such
     6  programs  shall  be suspended for a period of not less than one calendar
     7  year from participation in such program. The procedures of this subdivi-
     8  sion shall apply to such a suspension of a  nonpublic  school  pupil.  A
     9  superintendent  of schools, district superintendent of schools or commu-
    10  nity superintendent shall have the authority to modify  this  suspension
    11  requirement  for each student on a case-by-case basis. The determination
    12  of a superintendent shall be subject to review by the board of education
    13  pursuant to [paragraph c of this] subdivision five of this  section  and
    14  the  commissioner pursuant to section three hundred ten of this chapter.
    15  Nothing in this subdivision shall be deemed to authorize the  suspension
    16  of  a  student  with  a  disability in violation of the individuals with
    17  disabilities education act or article eighty-nine  of  this  chapter.  A
    18  superintendent  shall  refer  the pupil under the age of sixteen who has
    19  been determined to have  brought  a  weapon  or  firearm  to  school  in
    20  violation  of  this  subdivision  to a presentment agency for a juvenile
    21  delinquency proceeding consistent with article three of the family court
    22  act except a student fourteen or fifteen years of age who qualifies  for
    23  juvenile  offender status under subdivision forty-two of section 1.20 of
    24  the criminal procedure law.  A  superintendent  shall  refer  any  pupil
    25  sixteen  years of age or older or a student fourteen or fifteen years of
    26  age who qualifies for juvenile offender status under subdivision  forty-
    27  two  of  section 1.20 of the criminal procedure law, who has been deter-
    28  mined to have brought a weapon or firearm to school in violation of this
    29  subdivision to the appropriate law enforcement officials.
    30    [(2)] b. Nothing in this paragraph shall be  deemed  to  mandate  such
    31  action  by a school district pursuant to paragraph a of this subdivision
    32  [one of this section] where such  weapon  or  firearm  is  possessed  or
    33  brought  to  school  with  the written authorization of such educational
    34  institution in a manner authorized by article two hundred sixty-five  of
    35  the  penal law for activities approved and authorized by the trustees or
    36  board of education or other governing body of the public school and such
    37  governing body adopts appropriate safeguards to ensure student safety.
    38    [(3)] c. As used in this paragraph:
    39    (i) "firearm" shall mean a firearm  as  defined  in  subsection  a  of
    40  section  nine  hundred twenty-one of title eighteen of the United States
    41  Code; and
    42    (ii) "weapon" shall be as defined in paragraph 2 of  subsection  g  of
    43  section nine hundred thirty of title eighteen of the United States Code.
    44    [e.]  7. Procedure after suspension.  Where a pupil has been suspended
    45  pursuant to this subdivision and said pupil [is of compulsory attendance
    46  age] has the right to attend school, immediate steps shall be taken  for
    47  his  or her attendance upon instruction elsewhere [or for supervision or
    48  detention of said pupil pursuant to the provisions of article  seven  of
    49  the  family court act].  Where a pupil has been suspended for cause, the
    50  suspension may be revoked by the board of education whenever it  appears
    51  to  be  for  the best interest of the school and the pupil to do so. The
    52  board of education may also condition a student's early return to school
    53  and suspension revocation on  the  pupil's  voluntary  participation  in
    54  counseling or specialized classes, including anger management or dispute
    55  resolution, where applicable.

        S. 3036                            17
     1    [f.]  8.  Whenever  the  term "board of education or superintendent of
     2  schools" is used in this subdivision, it  shall  be  deemed  to  include
     3  community  boards  of  education and community superintendents governing
     4  community districts in accordance with the provisions of article  fifty-
     5  two-A of this chapter.
     6    [g.] 9. Discipline of students with disabilities and students presumed
     7  to  have  a disability for discipline purposes. [(1)] a. Notwithstanding
     8  any other provision of this subdivision to the contrary, a student  with
     9  a  disability  as such term is defined in section forty-four hundred one
    10  of this chapter and a student presumed to have a disability  for  disci-
    11  pline  purposes,  may  be  suspended  or removed from his or her current
    12  educational placement for  violation  of  [school  rules]  the  code  of
    13  conduct  only  in  accordance  with  the  procedures established in this
    14  section, the regulations of the  commissioner  implementing  this  para-
    15  graph,  and  subsection (k) of section fourteen hundred fifteen of title
    16  twenty of the United States code and the federal regulations  implement-
    17  ing  such  statute, as such federal law and regulations are from time to
    18  time amended. Nothing in this paragraph shall  be  construed  to  confer
    19  greater  rights  on  such  students  than are conferred under applicable
    20  federal law and regulations,  or  to  limit  the  ability  of  a  school
    21  district  to  change the educational placement of a student with a disa-
    22  bility in accordance with the procedures in article eighty-nine of  this
    23  chapter.
    24    [(2)] b. As used in this paragraph:
    25    [(1)]  (i)  a  "student  presumed  to have a disability for discipline
    26  purposes" shall mean a student who the school district is deemed to have
    27  knowledge was a student with  a  disability  before  the  behavior  that
    28  precipitated  disciplinary  action  under the criteria in subsection (k)
    29  (5) of section fourteen hundred fifteen of title twenty  of  the  United
    30  States code and the federal regulations implementing such statute; and
    31    (ii)  a  "manifestation  team"  means  a  representative of the school
    32  district, the parent  or  person  in  parental  relation,  and  relevant
    33  members  of  the  committee  on  special education, as determined by the
    34  parent or person in parental relation and the district.
    35    [(3)] c. In applying the federal law consistent with this section:
    36    (i) in the event of a conflict between the procedures  established  in
    37  this section and those established in subsection (k) of section fourteen
    38  hundred fifteen of title twenty of the United States code and the feder-
    39  al regulations implementing such statute, such federal statute and regu-
    40  lations shall govern.
    41    (ii)  the  trustees  or  board  of education of any school district, a
    42  district superintendent of schools or a building  principal  shall  have
    43  authority  to order the placement of a student with a disability into an
    44  appropriate interim alternative educational setting, another setting  or
    45  suspension for a period not to exceed five consecutive school days where
    46  such  student  is  suspended pursuant to this subdivision and, except as
    47  otherwise provided in [clause (vi)] paragraph f of  this  [subparagraph]
    48  subdivision,  the  suspension  does  not result in a change in placement
    49  under federal law.
    50    (iii) the superintendent of  schools  of  a  school  district,  either
    51  directly or upon recommendation of a hearing officer designated pursuant
    52  to paragraph [c] d of [this] subdivision five of this section, may order
    53  the placement of a student with a disability into an interim alternative
    54  educational setting, another setting or suspension for up to ten consec-
    55  utive  school  days,  inclusive  of  any  period in which the student is
    56  placed in an appropriate interim alternative educational setting, anoth-

        S. 3036                            18
     1  er setting or suspension pursuant to clause (ii)  of  this  subparagraph
     2  for the behavior, where the superintendent determines in accordance with
     3  the  procedures  set  forth  in  this  subdivision  that the student has
     4  engaged  in  behavior  that  violates the code of conduct and warrants a
     5  suspension, and, except as otherwise provided in [clause  (vi)  of  this
     6  subparagraph]  paragraph d of this subparagraph, the suspension does not
     7  result in a change in placement under federal law.
     8    [(iv)] d. the superintendent of schools of a school  district,  either
     9  directly or upon recommendation of a hearing officer designated pursuant
    10  to paragraph c of [this] subdivision five of this section, may order the
    11  change  in placement of a student with a disability to an interim alter-
    12  native educational setting for up to forty-five school  days  under  the
    13  circumstances  specified  in  subsection  (k)(1)(G)  of section fourteen
    14  hundred fifteen of title twenty of the United States code and the feder-
    15  al regulations implementing  such  statute  or  a  longer  period  where
    16  authorized   by   federal  law  under  the  circumstances  specified  in
    17  subsection (k)(1)(C) of section fourteen hundred fifteen of title twenty
    18  of the United States code and the federal regulations implementing  such
    19  statute,  but  in  neither  case  shall such period exceed the period of
    20  suspension ordered by a superintendent in accordance with this  subdivi-
    21  sion.
    22    [(v)] e. the terms "day," "business day," and "school day" shall be as
    23  defined  in  section  300.11 of title thirty-four of the code of federal
    24  regulations.
    25    [(vi)] f. notwithstanding any other provision of this  subdivision  to
    26  the  contrary,  upon  a  determination  by a manifestation team that the
    27  behavior of a student with a disability was not a manifestation  of  the
    28  student's  disability,  such student may be disciplined pursuant to this
    29  section in the same manner and for the same duration  as  a  nondisabled
    30  student,  except that such student shall continue to receive services to
    31  the extent required under federal law and regulations, and such services
    32  may be provided in an interim alternative educational setting.
    33    [(vii)] g. an impartial hearing officer appointed pursuant to subdivi-
    34  sion one of section forty-four hundred four of this chapter may order  a
    35  change  in  placement  of  a student with a disability to an appropriate
    36  interim alternative educational setting for  not  more  than  forty-five
    37  school  days under the circumstances specified in subsections (k)(3) and
    38  (k)(4) of section fourteen hundred fifteen of title twenty of the United
    39  States code and the  federal  regulations  implementing  such  statutes,
    40  provided that such procedure may be repeated, as necessary.
    41    [(viii)]  h.  nothing  in this section shall be construed to authorize
    42  the suspension or removal of a student with a disability from his or her
    43  current educational placement [for violation of school rules]  following
    44  a  determination by a manifestation team that the behavior is a manifes-
    45  tation of the student's disability, except as authorized  under  federal
    46  law and regulations.
    47    [(ix)]  i. the commissioner shall implement this paragraph by adopting
    48  regulations which coordinate the procedures required for  discipline  of
    49  students  with  disabilities, and students presumed to have a disability
    50  for discipline purposes, pursuant to subsection (k) of section  fourteen
    51  hundred fifteen of title twenty of the United States code and the feder-
    52  al  regulations  implementing  such statute, with the general procedures
    53  for student discipline under this section.
    54    [3-a.] 10. Teacher removal of a [disruptive pupil. In  addition,  any]
    55  student  for  misconduct  in violation of the code of conduct. A teacher
    56  shall have the power and authority to remove a [disruptive]  pupil[,  as

        S. 3036                            19

     1  defined  in  subdivision  two-a  of  this  section,] from such teacher's
     2  classroom consistent with discipline and intervention measures contained
     3  in the code of conduct adopted by the board pursuant to section  twenty-
     4  eight  hundred  one  of  this  chapter.   Such classroom removal may not
     5  exceed half of one school day. The  school  authorities  of  any  school
     6  district shall establish policies and procedures to ensure the provision
     7  of continued educational programming and activities for students removed
     8  from  the  classroom  pursuant  to this subdivision and provided further
     9  that nothing in this subdivision shall authorize the removal of a  pupil
    10  in  violation  of any state or federal law or regulation. No pupil shall
    11  return to the classroom until the principal makes a final  determination
    12  pursuant  to  paragraph  c of this subdivision, or the period of removal
    13  expires, whichever is less.
    14    a. Such teacher shall inform the pupil  and  the  person  in  parental
    15  relation and the school principal of the reasons for the removal. If the
    16  teacher  finds that the pupil's continued presence in the classroom does
    17  not pose a continuing danger to persons or property and does not present
    18  an ongoing threat of disruption to the  academic  process,  the  teacher
    19  shall,  prior  to  removing  the student from the classroom, provide the
    20  student with an explanation of the basis for the removal and  allow  the
    21  pupil  to  informally present the pupil's version of relevant events. In
    22  all other cases, the teacher shall provide the pupil with an explanation
    23  of the basis for the removal and an informal  opportunity  to  be  heard
    24  within  twenty-four  hours of the pupil's removal, provided that if such
    25  twenty-four hour period does not end  on  a  school  day,  it  shall  be
    26  extended to the corresponding time on the next school day.
    27    b.  The principal shall inform the person in parental relation to such
    28  pupil of the removal and the reasons therefor within  twenty-four  hours
    29  of  the  pupil's  removal, provided that if such twenty-four hour period
    30  does not end on a school day, it shall be extended to the  corresponding
    31  time  on  the  next  school  day.  The  pupil and the person in parental
    32  relation shall, upon request, be given an opportunity  for  an  informal
    33  conference  with  the  principal to discuss the reasons for the removal.
    34  [If the pupil denies the charges, the] The principal  shall  provide  an
    35  explanation  of  the  basis  for  the removal and allow the pupil and/or
    36  person in parental relation to the pupil an opportunity to  present  the
    37  pupil's  version of relevant events.  Such informal [hearing] conference
    38  shall be held within forty-eight hours of the pupil's removal,  provided
    39  that  if  such  forty-eight hour period does not end on a school day, it
    40  shall be extended to the corresponding time on  the  second  school  day
    41  next following the pupil's removal. A person in parental relationship to
    42  the  student  may  request that the informal conference take place later
    43  than forty-eight hours after the student's removal. For purposes of this
    44  subdivision, "school day" shall mean a school day as defined pursuant to
    45  [clause (v) of subparagraph three of paragraph g of  subdivision  three]
    46  paragraph e of subdivision nine of this section.
    47    c.  The  principal  shall  not set aside the discipline imposed by the
    48  teacher unless the principal finds that the charges  against  the  pupil
    49  are not supported by substantial evidence or that the pupil's removal is
    50  otherwise  in  violation  of law or that the conduct warrants suspension
    51  from school pursuant to this section and a suspension will  be  imposed.
    52  The  principal's  determination made pursuant to this paragraph shall be
    53  made by the close of business on the school day next succeeding the  end
    54  of  the  forty-eight  hour  period  for an informal [hearing] conference
    55  contained in paragraph b of this subdivision.

        S. 3036                            20
     1    d. The principal may, in his or her  discretion,  designate  a  school
     2  district administrator, to carry out the functions required of the prin-
     3  cipal under this subdivision.
     4    [4.] 11. Expense. a. The expense attending the commitment and costs of
     5  maintenance  of  [any  school  delinquent]  a  student  disciplined  for
     6  violation of the code of conduct shall be a charge against the  city  or
     7  district  where  he  resides,  if such city or district employs a super-
     8  intendent of schools; otherwise it shall be a county charge.
     9    b. The school authorities may institute  proceedings  before  a  court
    10  having  jurisdiction  to determine the liability of a person in parental
    11  relation to contribute towards the maintenance of a [school  delinquent]
    12  student  under  sixteen  years of age ordered to attend upon instruction
    13  under confinement. If the  court  shall  find  the  person  in  parental
    14  relation  able to contribute towards the maintenance of such a minor, it
    15  may issue an order fixing the amount to be paid weekly.
    16    [5.] 12. Involuntary transfers of pupils who have not been  determined
    17  to  be a student with a disability or a student presumed to have a disa-
    18  bility for discipline purposes.
    19    a. The board of education, board of  trustees  or  sole  trustee,  the
    20  superintendent  of  schools,  or  district superintendent of schools may
    21  transfer a pupil who has not been determined to  be  a  student  with  a
    22  disability as defined in section forty-four hundred one of this chapter,
    23  or  a  student  presumed to have a disability for discipline purposes as
    24  defined in [paragraph g of] subdivision [three]  nine  of  this  section
    25  from regular classroom instruction to an appropriate educational setting
    26  in  another school upon the written recommendation of the school princi-
    27  pal and following independent  review  thereof.  For  purposes  of  this
    28  section  of  the law, "involuntary transfer" does not include a transfer
    29  made by a school district as part of a plan to reduce  racial  imbalance
    30  within  the  schools  or  as  a  change  in  school  attendance zones or
    31  geographical boundaries.
    32    b. A school principal may initiate a non-requested transfer  where  it
    33  is  believed  that such a pupil would benefit from the transfer, or when
    34  the pupil would receive an adequate and appropriate education in another
    35  school program or facility.
    36    No recommendation for pupil transfer shall be initiated by the princi-
    37  pal until such pupil and a person in parental  relation  has  been  sent
    38  written  notification  of  the consideration of transfer recommendation.
    39  Such notice shall set a time and place of an  informal  conference  with
    40  the principal and shall inform such person in parental relation and such
    41  pupil  of  their  right to be accompanied by counsel or an individual of
    42  their choice.
    43    c. After the conference and if the principal concludes that the  pupil
    44  would  benefit  from  a  transfer  or  that  the  pupil would receive an
    45  adequate and appropriate education in another school program or  facili-
    46  ty,  the  principal may issue a recommendation of transfer to the super-
    47  intendent. Such recommendation shall include a description  of  behavior
    48  and/or  academic  problems  indicative  of  the  need  for  transfer;  a
    49  description of alternatives explored and prior action taken  to  resolve
    50  the  problem.  A  copy  of  that  letter  shall be sent to the person in
    51  parental relation and to the pupil.
    52    d. Upon receipt of the principal's recommendation for transfer  and  a
    53  determination  to consider that recommendation, the superintendent shall
    54  notify the person in parental relation and the  pupil  of  the  proposed
    55  transfer and of their right to a fair hearing as provided in paragraph c
    56  of  subdivision  [three]  five  of this section and shall list community

        S. 3036                            21
     1  agencies and free legal assistance which may be of assistance. The writ-
     2  ten notice shall include  a  statement  that  the  pupil  or  person  in
     3  parental  relation  has  ten  days  to  request  a  hearing and that the
     4  proposed  transfer  shall  not take effect, except upon written parental
     5  consent, until the ten day period has elapsed, or, if a fair hearing  is
     6  requested,  until  after  a  formal  decision  following  the hearing is
     7  rendered, whichever is later.
     8    Parental consent to a transfer shall not constitute a  waiver  of  the
     9  right to a fair hearing.
    10    [6.]  13. Transfer of a pupil. Where a suspended pupil is to be trans-
    11  ferred pursuant to subdivision [five] twelve of this section, he or  she
    12  shall  remain on the register of the original school for two school days
    13  following transmittal of his or her records to the school to which he or
    14  she is to be transferred. The receiving school  shall  immediately  upon
    15  receiving  those records transmitted by the original school, review them
    16  to insure proper placement of the pupil. Staff members who are  involved
    17  in  the  pupil's  education  must be provided with pertinent records and
    18  information relating to the background and problems of the pupil  before
    19  the pupil is placed in a classroom.
    20    [7.]  14.  Transfer of disciplinary records. Notwithstanding any other
    21  provision of law to the contrary, each local educational agency, as such
    22  term is defined in subsection twenty-six of section  ninety-one  hundred
    23  one  of  the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended,
    24  shall establish procedures in accordance with section forty-one  hundred
    25  fifty-five  of  the  Elementary  and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as
    26  amended, and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of  1974,  to
    27  facilitate  the transfer of disciplinary records relating to the suspen-
    28  sion [or expulsion] of a student to any public or  nonpublic  elementary
    29  or  secondary  school in which such student enrolls or seeks, intends or
    30  is instructed to enroll, on a full-time or part-time basis.
    31    § 4. Section 305 of the education law is amended by adding  three  new
    32  subdivisions 56, 57 and 58 to read as follows:
    33    56.  The  commissioner  shall  provide  technical assistance to school
    34  districts about the development, implementation and evaluation of school
    35  district codes of conduct including:
    36    (a) one or more model codes of conduct, designed to reduce the use  of
    37  suspensions, that meet the requirements of sections twenty-eight hundred
    38  one and thirty-two hundred fourteen of this chapter;
    39    (b)  best  practices  for age-appropriate, graduated and proportionate
    40  discipline as set out in section twenty-eight hundred one of this  chap-
    41  ter;
    42    (c) a matrix of student misconduct and the interventions and discipli-
    43  nary  measures that provide age appropriate, graduated and proportionate
    44  intervention designed to reduce reliance on suspensions and referrals to
    45  law enforcement;
    46    (d) guidelines  for  appropriate  and  school-wide  implementation  of
    47  restorative practices;
    48    (e)  forms necessary to implement student notification and due process
    49  requirements of section twenty-eight hundred one and thirty-two  hundred
    50  fourteen of this chapter.
    51    57.  The commissioner shall, pursuant to an appropriation in the state
    52  budget, provide funds to local school districts for implementation of  a
    53  school's  code of conduct including mandatory pre-service and in-service
    54  training of school personnel about prevention, restorative practices and
    55  other intervention and  disciplinary  measures  to  respond  to  student

        S. 3036                            22
     1  misconduct as required by section twenty-eight hundred one of this chap-
     2  ter.
     3    58. The commissioner shall be authorized to provide funds for training
     4  school  personnel  included  in section twenty-eight hundred one of this
     5  chapter only to the extent that the state budget includes  an  appropri-
     6  ation for such training.
     7    §  5.  This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
     8  the amendments to subdivision 3 of section 2801  of  the  education  law
     9  made  by  section one of this act shall be subject to the expiration and
    10  reversion of such subdivision pursuant to section 34 of  chapter  91  of
    11  the  laws  of  2002,  as  amended, when upon such date the provisions of
    12  section two of this act shall take effect;  provided  further,  however,
    13  that the amendments to subparagraph (1) of paragraph c, paragraphs d, e,
    14  f and g of subdivision 3 and paragraphs a, b and c of subdivision 3-a of
    15  section  3214  of  the  education  law made by section three of this act
    16  shall be subject to the expiration of such subparagraph  and  paragraphs
    17  and  shall  be  deemed expired therewith; and provided further, however,
    18  that the amendments to subdivision 7 of section 3214  of  the  education
    19  law  made  by  section  three of this act shall not affect the repeal of
    20  such subdivision and shall be deemed repealed therewith.