Bill Text: MI SB0119 | 2023-2024 | 102nd Legislature | Introduced
Bill Title: Criminal procedure: sentencing; sentencing individuals less than 19 to imprisonment for life without parole eligibility; prohibit. Amends secs. 1 & 1b, ch. IX of 1927 PA 175 (MCL 769.1 & 769.1b) & repeals secs. 25 & 25a, ch. IX of 1927 PA 175 (MCL 769.25 & 769.25a). TIE BAR WITH: SB 0121'23, SB 0123'23, SB 0120'23, SB 0122'23
Spectrum: Strong Partisan Bill (Democrat 14-1)
Status: (Introduced) 2023-03-01 - Referred To Committee On Civil Rights, Judiciary, And Public Safety [SB0119 Detail]
Download: Michigan-2023-SB0119-Introduced.html
SENATE BILL NO. 119
A bill to amend 1927 PA 175, entitled
"The code of criminal procedure,"
by amending sections 1 and 1b of chapter IX (MCL 769.1 and 769.1b), section 1 as amended by 1999 PA 87 and section 1b as amended by 1998 PA 520; and to repeal acts and parts of acts.
the people of the state of michigan enact:
CHAPTER IX
Sec. 1. (1) A judge of a court having jurisdiction may pronounce judgment against and pass sentence upon a person convicted of an offense in that court. The sentence shall must not exceed the sentence prescribed by law. The Subject to subsection (15), the court shall sentence a juvenile convicted of any of the following crimes in the same manner as an adult:
(a) Arson of a dwelling First degree arson in violation of section 72 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.72.
(b) Assault with intent to commit murder in violation of section 83 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.83.
(c) Assault with intent to maim in violation of section 86 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.86.
(d) Attempted murder in violation of section 91 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.91.
(e) Conspiracy to commit murder in violation of section 157a of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.157a.
(f) Solicitation to commit murder in violation of section 157b of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.157b.
(g) First degree murder in violation of section 316 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.316.
(h) Second degree murder in violation of section 317 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.317.
(i) Kidnapping in violation of section 349 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.349.
(j) First degree criminal sexual conduct in violation of section 520b of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.520b.
(k) Armed robbery in violation of section 529 of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.529.
(l) Carjacking in violation of section 529a of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.529a.
(2) A person convicted of a felony or of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for more than 92 days shall must not be sentenced until the court has examined the court file and has determined that the person's fingerprints have been taken.
(3) Unless a juvenile is required to be sentenced in the same manner as an adult under subsection (1), If subsection (1) does not apply to a juvenile's sentence, a judge of a court having jurisdiction over a juvenile shall conduct a hearing at the juvenile's sentencing to determine if the best interests of the public would be served by placing the juvenile on probation and committing the juvenile to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, or by imposing any other sentence provided by law for an adult offender. Except as provided in subsection subsections (5) and (15), the court shall sentence the juvenile in the same manner as an adult unless the court determines by a preponderance of the evidence that the interests of the public would be best served by placing the juvenile on probation and committing the juvenile to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309. The rules of evidence do not apply to a hearing under this subsection. In making the determination required under this subsection, the judge shall consider all of the following, giving greater weight to the seriousness of the alleged offense and the juvenile's prior record of delinquency:
(a) The seriousness of the alleged offense in terms of community protection, including, but not limited to, the existence of any aggravating factors recognized by the sentencing guidelines, the use of a firearm or other dangerous weapon, and the impact on any victim.
(b) The juvenile's culpability in committing the alleged offense, including, but not limited to, the level of the juvenile's participation in planning and carrying out the offense and the existence of any aggravating or mitigating factors recognized by the sentencing guidelines.
(c) The juvenile's prior record of delinquency including, but not limited to, any record of detention, any police record, any school record, or any other evidence indicating prior delinquent behavior.
(d) The juvenile's programming history, including, but not limited to, the juvenile's past willingness to participate meaningfully in available programming.
(e) The adequacy of the punishment or programming available in the juvenile justice system.
(f) The dispositional options available for the juvenile.
(4) With the consent of the prosecutor and the defendant, the court may waive the hearing required under subsection (3). If the court waives the hearing required under subsection (3), the court may place the juvenile on probation and commit the juvenile to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, but shall not impose any other sentence provided by law for an adult offender.
(5) If a juvenile is convicted of a violation or conspiracy to commit a violation of section 7403(2)(a)(i) of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7403, the court shall determine whether the best interests of the public would be served by imposing the sentence provided by law for an adult offender, by placing the individual on probation and committing the individual to an institution or agency under subsection (3), or by imposing a sentence of imprisonment for any term of years but not less than 25 years. If the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the best interests of the public would be served by imposing a sentence of imprisonment for any term of years but not less than 25 years, the court may impose that sentence. In making its determination, the court shall use the criteria specified in subsection (3).
(6) The court shall state on the record the court's findings of fact and conclusions of law for the probation and commitment decision or sentencing decision made under subsection (3). If a juvenile is committed under subsection (3) to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, a transcript of the court's findings shall must be sent to the family independence agency department of health and human services or county juvenile agency, as applicable.
(7) If a juvenile is committed under subsection (3) or (4) to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, the written order of commitment shall must contain a provision for the reimbursement to the court by the juvenile or those responsible for the juvenile's support, or both, for the cost of care or service. The amount of reimbursement ordered shall must be reasonable, taking into account both the income and resources of the juvenile and those responsible for the juvenile's support. The amount may be based upon the guidelines and model schedule prepared under section 18(6) of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18. The reimbursement provision applies during the entire period the juvenile remains in care outside the juvenile's own home and under court supervision. The court shall provide for the collection of all amounts ordered to be reimbursed, and the money collected shall must be accounted for and reported to the county board of commissioners. Collections to cover delinquent accounts or to pay the balance due on reimbursement orders may be made after a juvenile is released or discharged from care outside the juvenile's own home and under court supervision. Twenty-five percent of all amounts collected pursuant to an order entered under this subsection shall must be credited to the appropriate fund of the county to offset the administrative cost of collections. The balance of all amounts collected pursuant to an order entered under this subsection shall must be divided in the same ratio in which the county, state, and federal government participate in the cost of care outside the juvenile's own home and under county, state, or court supervision. The court may also collect benefits paid by the government of the United States for the cost of care of the juvenile. Money collected for juveniles placed with or committed to the family independence agency department of health and human services or a county juvenile agency shall must be accounted for and reported on an individual basis. In cases of delinquent accounts, the court may also enter an order to intercept state tax refunds or the federal income tax refund of a child, parent, guardian, or custodian and initiate the necessary offset proceedings in order to recover the cost of care or service. The court shall send to the person who is the subject of the intercept order advance written notice of the proposed offset. The notice shall must include notice of the opportunity to contest the offset on the grounds that the intercept is not proper because of a mistake of fact concerning the amount of the delinquency or the identity of the person subject to the order. The court shall provide for the prompt reimbursement of an amount withheld in error or an amount found to exceed the delinquent amount.
(8) If the court appoints an attorney to represent a juvenile, an order entered under this section may require the juvenile or person responsible for the juvenile's support, or both, to reimburse the court for attorney fees.
(9) An order directed to a person responsible for the juvenile's support under this section is not binding on the person unless an opportunity for a hearing has been given and until a copy of the order is served on the person, personally or by first-class mail to the person's last known address.
(10) If a juvenile is placed on probation and committed under subsection (3) or (4) to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, the court shall retain jurisdiction over the juvenile while the juvenile is on probation and committed to that institution or agency.
(11) If the court has retained jurisdiction over a juvenile under subsection (10), the court shall conduct an annual review of the services being provided to the juvenile, the juvenile's placement, and the juvenile's progress in that placement. In conducting this review, the court shall examine the juvenile's annual report prepared under section 3 of the juvenile facilities act, 1988 PA 73, MCL 803.223. The court may order changes in the juvenile's placement or treatment plan including, but not limited to, committing the juvenile to the jurisdiction of the department of corrections, based on the review.
(12) If an individual who is under the court's jurisdiction under section 4 of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.4, is convicted of a violation or conspiracy to commit a violation of section 7403(2)(a)(i) of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7403, the court shall determine whether the best interests of the public would be served by imposing the sentence provided by law for an adult offender or by imposing a sentence of imprisonment for any term of years but not less than 25 years. If the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the best interests of the public would be served by imposing a sentence of imprisonment for any term of years but not less than 25 years, the court may impose that sentence. In making its determination, the court shall use the criteria specified in subsection (3) to the extent they apply.
(13) If the defendant is sentenced for an offense other than a listed offense as defined in section 2(d)(i) to (ix) and (xi) to (xiii) 2 of the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.722, the court shall determine if the offense is a violation of a law of this state or a local ordinance of a municipality of this state that by its nature constitutes a sexual offense against an individual who is less than 18 years of age. If so, the conviction is for a listed offense as defined in section 2(d)(x) 2 of the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.722, and the court shall include the basis for that determination on the record and include the determination in the judgment of sentence.
(14) When sentencing a person convicted of a misdemeanor involving the illegal delivery, possession, or use of alcohol or a controlled substance or a felony, the court shall examine the presentence investigation report and determine if the person being sentenced is licensed or registered under article 15 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.16101 to 333.18838. The court shall also examine the court file and determine if a report of the conviction upon which the person is being sentenced has been forwarded to the department of consumer and industry services licensing and regulatory affairs as provided in section 16a of this chapter. If the report has not been forwarded to the department of consumer and industry services, licensing and regulatory affairs, the court shall order the clerk of the court to immediately prepare and forward the report as provided in section 16a of this chapter.
(15) The court shall not sentence an individual who was less than 19 years of age when the crime was committed to imprisonment for life without parole eligibility.
Sec. 1b. (1) If a juvenile is placed on probation and committed under section 1(3) or (4) of this chapter to an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, the court shall conduct a review hearing to determine whether the juvenile has been rehabilitated and whether the juvenile presents a serious risk to public safety. If the court determines that the juvenile has not been rehabilitated or that the juvenile presents a serious risk to public safety, jurisdiction over the juvenile shall may be continued or the court may commit the juvenile to the department of corrections as provided in this section. In making this determination, the court shall consider the following:
(a) The extent and nature of the juvenile's participation in education, counseling, or work programs.
(b) The juvenile's willingness to accept responsibility for prior behavior.
(c) The juvenile's behavior in his or her the juvenile's current placement.
(d) The juvenile's prior record and character and his or her the juvenile's physical and mental maturity.
(e) The juvenile's potential for violent conduct as demonstrated by prior behavior.
(f) The recommendations of the institution or agency charged with the juvenile's care for the juvenile's release or continued custody.
(g) Other information the prosecuting attorney or juvenile may submit.
(2) A review hearing shall must be scheduled and held unless adjourned for good cause as near as possible to, but before, the juvenile's nineteenth birthday. If the institution or agency to which the juvenile was committed believes that the juvenile has been rehabilitated and that the juvenile does not present a serious risk to public safety, that institution or agency may petition the court to conduct a review hearing at any time before the juvenile becomes 19 years of age or, if the court has continued jurisdiction under subsection (1), at any time before the juvenile becomes 21 years of age.
(3) Not less than 14 days before a review hearing is to be conducted, the prosecuting attorney, juvenile, and, if addresses are known, the juvenile's parent or guardian shall must be notified. The notice shall must state that the court may extend jurisdiction over the juvenile and shall must advise the juvenile and the juvenile's parent or guardian of the right to legal counsel. If legal counsel has not been retained or appointed to represent the juvenile, the court shall appoint legal counsel and may assess the cost of providing counsel as costs against the juvenile or those responsible for the juvenile's support, or both, if the persons to be assessed are financially able to comply.
(4) The institution or agency charged with the care of the juvenile shall prepare commitment reports as provided in section 5 of the juvenile facilities act, 1988 PA 73, MCL 803.225, for use by the court at a review hearing held under this section.
(5) The court shall conduct a final review of the juvenile's probation and commitment under section 1(3) or (4) of this chapter not less than 3 months before the end of the period that the juvenile is on probation and committed to the institution or agency. If the court determines at this review that the best interests of the public would be served by imposing any other sentence provided by law for an adult offender, the court may, subject to section 1(15) of this chapter, impose the sentence. In making its determination, the court shall consider the criteria specified in subsection (1) and all of the following criteria:
(a) The effect of treatment on the juvenile's rehabilitation.
(b) Whether the juvenile is likely to be dangerous to the public if released.
(c) The best interests of the public welfare and the protection of public security.
(6) Not less than 14 days before a final review hearing under subsection (5) is to be conducted, the prosecuting attorney, juvenile, and, if addresses are known, the juvenile's parent or guardian shall must be notified. The notice shall must state that the court may impose a sentence upon the juvenile under subsection (5) and shall must advise the juvenile and the juvenile's parent or guardian of the right to legal counsel. If legal counsel has not been retained or appointed to represent the juvenile, the court shall appoint legal counsel and may assess the cost of providing counsel as costs against the juvenile or those responsible for the juvenile's support, or both, if the persons to be assessed are financially able to comply.
(7) After a sentence is imposed under subsection (1) or (5), the juvenile shall must receive credit for the period of time served on probation and committed to an agency or institution under section 1(3) or (4) of this chapter.
Enacting section 1. Sections 25 and 25a of chapter IX of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 769.25 and 769.25a, are repealed.
Enacting section 2. This amendatory act takes effect 90 days after the date it is enacted into law.
Enacting section 3. This amendatory act does not take effect unless all of the following bills of the 102nd Legislature are enacted into law:
(a) Senate Bill No. 121.
(b) Senate Bill No. 123.
(c) Senate Bill No. 120.
(d) Senate Bill No. 122.
