Bill Text: NJ A964 | 2024-2025 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Increases and indexes maximum homestead property tax deduction under gross income tax.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Republican 1-0)
Status: (Introduced) 2024-01-09 - Introduced, Referred to Assembly Housing Committee [A964 Detail]
Download: New_Jersey-2024-A964-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW JERSEY
221st LEGISLATURE
PRE-FILED FOR INTRODUCTION IN THE 2024 SESSION
Sponsored by:
Assemblywoman NANCY F. MUNOZ
District 21 (Middlesex, Morris, Somerset and Union)
SYNOPSIS
Increases and indexes maximum homestead property tax deduction under gross income tax.
CURRENT VERSION OF TEXT
Introduced Pending Technical Review by Legislative Counsel.
An Act increasing and indexing the maximum gross income tax deduction allowed for homestead property taxes paid by homeowners and tenants, and amending P.L.1996, c.60.
Be It Enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey:
1. Section 2 of P.L.1996, c.60 (C.54A:3A-16) is amended to read as follows:
2. As used in this act:
"Condominium" means the form of real property ownership provided for under the "Condominium Act," P.L.1969, c.257 (C.46:8B-1 et seq.).
"Continuing care retirement community" means a residential facility primarily for retired persons where lodging and nursing, medical or other health related services at the same or another location are provided as continuing care to an individual pursuant to an agreement effective for the life of the individual or for a period greater than one year, including mutually terminable contracts, and in consideration of the payment of an entrance fee with or without other periodic charges.
"Cooperative" means a housing corporation or association which entitles the holder of a share or membership interest thereof to possess and occupy for dwelling purposes a house, apartment, manufactured or mobile home or other unit of housing owned or leased by the corporation or association, or to lease or purchase a unit of housing constructed or to be constructed by the corporation or association.
"Cost-of-living adjustment" for any tax year means the factor calculated by dividing the consumer price index for all urban consumers for the nation, as prepared by the United States Department of Labor as of the close of the 12-month period ending on August 31 of the taxable year, by that index as of the close of the 12-month period ending on August 31 of the calendar year preceding the taxable year in which the recomputation of the maximum deduction amount is made.
"Dwelling house" means any residential property assessed as real property which consists of not more than four units, of which not more than one may be used for commercial purposes, but shall not include a unit in a condominium, cooperative, horizontal property regime or mutual housing corporation.
"Homestead" means:
a. a dwelling house and the land on which that dwelling house is located which constitutes the place of the taxpayer's domicile and is owned and used by the taxpayer as the taxpayer's principal residence;
b. a dwelling house situated on land owned by a person other than the taxpayer which constitutes the place of the taxpayer's domicile and is owned and used by the taxpayer as the taxpayer's principal residence;
c. a condominium unit or a unit in a horizontal property regime or a continuing care retirement community which constitutes the place of the taxpayer's domicile and is owned and used by the taxpayer as the taxpayer's principal residence.
In addition to the generally accepted meaning of owned or ownership, a homestead shall be deemed to be owned by a person if that person is a tenant for life or a tenant under a lease for 99 years or more, is entitled to and actually takes possession of the homestead under an executory contract for the sale thereof or under an agreement with a lending institution which holds title as security for a loan, or is a resident of a continuing care retirement community pursuant to a contract for continuing care for the life of that person which requires the resident to bear, separately from any other charges, the proportionate share of property taxes attributable to the unit that the resident occupies;
d. a unit in a cooperative or mutual housing corporation which constitutes the place of domicile of a residential shareholder or lessee therein, or of a lessee or shareholder who is not a residential shareholder therein, which is used by the taxpayer as the taxpayer's principal residence; and
e. a unit of residential rental property, which unit constitutes the place of the taxpayer's domicile and is used by the taxpayer as the taxpayer's principal residence.
"Horizontal property regime" means the form of real property ownership provided for under the "Horizontal Property Act," P.L.1963, c.168 (C.46:8A-1 et seq.).
"Mutual housing corporation" means a corporation not-for-profit, incorporated under the laws of this State on a mutual or cooperative basis within the scope of section 607 of the "Lanham Public War Housing Act" ("National Defense Housing Act"), [Pub.L.849, 76th Congress (42 U.S.C. 1521 et seq.)] Pub.L.76-849 (42 U.S.C. s.1587), as amended, which acquired a National Defense Housing Project pursuant to that act.
"Principal residence" means a homestead actually and continually occupied by a taxpayer as the taxpayer's permanent residence, as distinguished from a vacation home, property owned and rented or offered for rent by the taxpayer, and other secondary real property holdings.
"Property taxes" means payments to municipalities for which an assessment by a municipality has been made on an ad valorem basis on both land and improvements, and shall not include payments made in lieu of taxes.
"Rent constituting property taxes" means 18% of the rent paid by the taxpayer for occupancy during the taxable year of a unit of residential rental property which the taxpayer occupies as a principal residence; notwithstanding the definition of "property taxes" herein, rent constituting property taxes includes the rent paid for the occupancy of a manufactured home installed in a mobile home park.
"Residential rental property" means:
a. any building or structure or complex of buildings or structures in which dwelling units are rented or leased or offered for rental or lease for residential purposes;
b. a rooming house, hotel or motel, if the rooms constituting the homestead are equipped with kitchen and bathroom facilities; and
c. any building or structure or complex of buildings or structures constructed under [the following sections of the National Housing Act (Pub.L.73-479) as amended and supplemented: section 202,] sections 1701q and 1715v of the "National Housing Act [of 1959]," [(Pub.L.86-372)] Pub.L.73-479 (12 U.S.C. s.1701 et seq.)[ and as subsequently amended, section 231, Housing Act of 1959].
"Residential shareholder in a cooperative or mutual housing corporation" means a tenant or holder of a membership interest in that cooperative or corporation, whose residential unit therein constitutes the tenant's or holder's domicile and principal residence, and who may deduct real property taxes for purposes of federal income tax pursuant to section 216 of the federal Internal Revenue Code of 1986[,] (26 U.S.C. s.216).
(cf: P.L.1996, c.60, s.2)
2. Section 3 of P.L.1996, c.60 (C.54A:3A-17) is amended to read as follows:
3. a. A resident taxpayer under the "New Jersey Gross Income Tax Act," N.J.S.54A:1-1 et seq., shall be allowed a deduction from gross income for the amount of property tax credit as defined in section 1 of P.L.2018, c.11 (C.54:4-66.6) plus property taxes [, the total of which shall not exceed $15,000, subject to the limitations of subsection f. of this section] [Property taxes deductible under this section shall be due and paid for the calendar year in which the taxes are due and payable on the taxpayer's homestead.] due and paid for the calendar year in which taxes are due and payable on the taxpayer's homestead. The deduction shall not exceed $15,000 for taxable years before calendar year 2019, $17,000 for the taxable year beginning in calendar year 2020, and the maximum amount recomputed pursuant to subsection i. of this section for taxable years beginning in calendar year 2021 and each year thereafter.
b. A deduction for property taxes or property tax credits shall be allowed pursuant to this section in relation to the amount of the property taxes or property tax credits actually paid by or allocable to a resident taxpayer who has more than one homestead, but the aggregate amount of the property taxes or property tax credits claimed shall not exceed the total of the proportionate amounts of property taxes assessed and levied against or allocable to each homestead for the portion of the taxable year for which the taxpayer occupied it as the taxpayer's principal residence.
c. If title to a homestead is held by more than one individual as joint tenants or tenants in common, each individual shall be allowed a deduction pursuant to this section only in relation to the individual's proportionate share of the property taxes assessed and levied against the homestead. The proportionate share shall be equal to that of all other individuals who hold the title, but if the conveyance under which the title is held provides for unequal interests therein, a taxpayer's share of the property taxes shall be in proportion to the taxpayer's interest in the title.
d. If title to a homestead is held by a husband and wife who own the homestead as tenants by the entirety, or if that husband and wife are both residential shareholders of a cooperative or mutual housing corporation and occupy the same homestead therein, and who elect to file separate income tax returns pursuant to the "New Jersey Gross Income Tax Act," N.J.S.54A:1-1 et seq., that husband and wife shall each be entitled to one-half of the deduction for property taxes for which they may be jointly eligible pursuant to this section.
e. If the homestead is a dwelling house consisting of more than one unit, that taxpayer shall be allowed a deduction for property taxes or property tax credits only in relation to the proportionate share of the property taxes assessed and levied against the residential unit occupied by the taxpayer, as determined by the local tax assessor.
f. [Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection a. of this section to the contrary: (1) a resident taxpayer shall be allowed a deduction for a taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1996 based on 50% of the property taxes not in excess of $5,000 paid on the taxpayer's homestead; and (2) a resident taxpayer shall be allowed a deduction for a taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1997 based on 75% of the property taxes not in excess of $7,500 paid on the taxpayer's homestead.] (Deleted by amendment, P.L. , c. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill)
g. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the deduction allowed under this section to a resident taxpayer eligible to receive a homestead property tax reimbursement pursuant to P.L.1997, c.348 (C.54:4-8.67 et al.) shall not exceed that resident taxpayer's base year property tax liability as determined pursuant to P.L.1997, c.348 (C.54:4-8.67 et al.).
h. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, for the taxable year beginning January 1, 2009, a taxpayer who has gross income for the taxable year of more than $250,000 and is not:
(1) 65 years of age or older at the close of the taxable year; or
(2) allowed to claim a personal deduction as a blind or disabled taxpayer pursuant to subsection (b) of N.J.S.54A:3-1, shall not be allowed a deduction pursuant to this section;
provided however, the deduction for a taxpayer who has gross income for the taxable year of more than $150,000 but not exceeding $250,000 and is not:
(1) 65 years of age or older at the close of the taxable year; or
(2) allowed to claim a personal deduction as a blind or disabled taxpayer pursuant to subsection (b) of N.J.S.54A:3-1, shall not exceed $5,000.
i. For the taxable year beginning January 1, 2021 and in each taxable year thereafter, the director shall annually recompute the maximum deduction amount allowed pursuant to subsection a. of this section, by multiplying the maximum deduction amount allowed in the prior taxable year by the cost-of-living adjustment. The director shall round the recomputed maximum deduction amount next highest multiple of $5.
(cf: P.L.2018, c.45, s.1)
3. Section 4 of P.L.1996, c.60 (C.54A:3A-18) is amended to read as follows:
4. a. A resident taxpayer whose homestead is a unit of residential rental property shall be allowed a deduction from gross income for that portion of the rent constituting property taxes [not in excess of $15,000, subject to the limitations of subsection d. of this section,] due and paid for the calendar year in which the rent constituting taxes is due and payable, for occupancy of that homestead. The deduction shall not exceed $15,000 for taxable years before calendar year 2019, $17,000 for the taxable year beginning in calendar year 2020, and the maximum amount recomputed pursuant to subsection i. of this section for taxable year for taxable years beginning in calendar year 2021 and each year thereafter.
b. A husband and wife who elect to file separate income tax returns pursuant to the "New Jersey Gross Income Tax Act," N.J.S.54A:1-1 et seq., shall each be entitled to one-half of the property tax deduction allowed pursuant to this section.
c. If more than one taxpayer, other than husband and wife, qualify to deduct rent constituting property taxes by reason of their having occupied the same rented homestead, it shall be presumed that the deduction shall be equally divided. A taxpayer may, however, deduct an amount for rent constituting property taxes in the same proportion that the rent paid by that taxpayer bears to the total rent paid by all tenants of the same unit.
d. [Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection a. of this section to the contrary: (1) a resident taxpayer whose homestead is a unit of residential rental property shall be allowed a deduction for the taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1996 based on 50% of the rent constituting property taxes not in excess of $5,000 paid for the occupancy of that homestead; and (2) a resident taxpayer whose homestead is a unit of residential rental property shall be allowed a deduction for the taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1997 based on 75% of the rent constituting property taxes not in excess of $7,500 paid for the occupancy of that homestead.] (Deleted by amendment, P.L. , c. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill)
e. For the taxable year beginning January 1, 2021 and in each taxable year thereafter, the director shall annually recompute the maximum deduction amount allowed pursuant to subsection a. of this section, by multiplying the maximum deduction amount allowed in the prior taxable year by the cost-of-living adjustment. The director shall round the recomputed maximum deduction amount next highest multiple of $5.
(cf: P.L.2018, c.45, s.2)
4. Section 5 of P.L.1996, c.60 (C.54A:3A-19) is amended to read as follows:
5. a. If a taxpayer who is eligible for a deduction for property taxes under section 3 of this act for a part of the taxable year is also eligible for a deduction for rent constituting property taxes under section 4 of this act for a part of the taxable year, the taxpayer shall be allowed a deduction, [not in excess of $15,000, subject to the limitations of subsection b. of this section,] the amount of which shall be equal to the sum of the amount of property tax credit as defined in section 1 of P.L.2018, c.11 (C.54:4-66.6) plus the amount of property taxes due and paid for the calendar year in which the property taxes are due and payable on a homestead that is not a unit of residential rental property and the amount of rent constituting property taxes due and paid for the calendar year in which the rent constituting property taxes is due and payable for the occupancy of a homestead that is a unit of residential rental property, provided however, that the amount of property taxes and property tax credits shall be subject to the limitations set forth in subsections b. through e. of section 3 and the amount of rent constituting property taxes shall be subject to the limitations set forth in subsections b. and c. of section 4 as may be applicable. The deduction shall not exceed $15,000 for taxable years before calendar year 2019, $17,000 for the taxable year beginning in calendar year 2020, and the maximum amount recomputed pursuant to subsection i. of this section for taxable year for taxable years beginning in calendar year 2021 and each year thereafter.
b. [Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection a. of this section to the contrary: (1) a taxpayer who is eligible for a deduction for property taxes under section 3 of this act for a part of the taxable year and is also eligible for a deduction for rent constituting property taxes under section 4 of this act for a part of the taxable year, shall be allowed a deduction for the taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1996 based on 50% of an amount not in excess of $5,000, the amount of which shall be equal to the sum of the amount of property taxes paid on a homestead that is not a unit of residential rental property and the amount of rent constituting property taxes paid for the occupancy of a homestead that is a unit of residential rental property; and (2) a taxpayer who is eligible for a deduction for property taxes under section 3 of this act for a part of the taxable year and is also eligible for a deduction for rent constituting property taxes under section 4 of this act for a part of the taxable year, shall be allowed a deduction for the taxpayer's taxable year beginning during 1997 based on 75% of an amount not in excess of $7,500, the amount of which shall be equal to the sum of the amount of property taxes paid on a homestead that is not a unit of residential rental property and the amount of rent constituting property taxes paid for the occupancy of a homestead that is a unit of residential rental property.] (Deleted by amendment, P.L. , c. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill)
c. For the taxable year beginning January 1, 2021 and in each taxable year thereafter, the director shall annually recompute the maximum deduction amount allowed pursuant to subsection a. of this section, by multiplying the maximum deduction amount allowed in the prior taxable year by the cost-of-living adjustment. The director shall round the recomputed maximum deduction amount next highest multiple of $5.
(cf: P.L.2018, c.45, s.3)
5. This act shall take effect immediately.
STATEMENT
This bill increases the maximum amount of the homestead property tax deduction allowable for gross income tax purposes. The current $15,000 limit of property taxes paid by homeowners or tenants on their principal residences is increased to $17,000 for tax year 2020. Thereafter, this amount will be indexed and recomputed annually to reflect a cost-of-living adjustment based on the consumer price index for urban consumers as prepared by the U.S. Department of Labor.
With property taxes increasing dramatically over the past few years, the maximum deduction amount should be increased to further assist the property taxpayers of this State.
