Bill Text: TX HB2516 | 2023-2024 | 88th Legislature | Introduced


Bill Title: Relating to certain rights and duties of residential tenants and landlords.

Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2023-03-13 - Referred to Business & Industry [HB2516 Detail]

Download: Texas-2023-HB2516-Introduced.html
  88R9834 DRS-F
 
  By: Walle H.B. No. 2516
 
 
 
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
 
AN ACT
  relating to certain rights and duties of residential tenants and
  landlords.
         BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
         SECTION 1.  The heading to Section 24.005, Property Code, is
  amended to read as follows:
         Sec. 24.005.  NOTICE TO CURE DEFAULT FOR NONPAYMENT OF RENT;
  NOTICE TO VACATE PRIOR TO FILING EVICTION SUIT.
         SECTION 2.  Section 24.005, Property Code, is amended by
  amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsections (a-1), (a-2), and
  (a-3) to read as follows:
         (a)  Except as provided by Subsections (a-1) and (a-2), if
  [If] the occupant is a tenant under a written lease or oral rental
  agreement, the landlord must give a tenant who defaults or holds
  over beyond the end of the rental term or renewal period at least
  three days' written notice to vacate the premises before the
  landlord files a forcible detainer suit, unless the parties have
  contracted for a shorter or longer notice period in a written lease
  or agreement. A landlord who files a forcible detainer suit on
  grounds that the tenant is holding over beyond the end of the rental
  term or renewal period must also comply with the tenancy
  termination requirements of Section 91.001.
         (a-1)  The landlord must give a residential tenant who
  defaults for nonpayment of rent 10 days' written notice and an
  opportunity to cure the default by paying any delinquent rent
  before issuing the notice to vacate under Subsection (a-2). The
  written notice must include, in all capital letters in an easily
  readable font and type size, the words "YOU ARE IN DEFAULT OF THE
  LEASE FOR NONPAYMENT OF RENT. YOU HAVE 10 DAYS AFTER THE DATE THIS
  NOTICE WAS DELIVERED TO PAY THE RENT BEFORE A NOTICE TO VACATE MAY
  BE ISSUED. CALL THE STATE BAR OF TEXAS TOLL-FREE AT 1-877-9TEXBAR
  IF YOU NEED HELP LOCATING AN ATTORNEY. IF YOU CANNOT AFFORD TO HIRE
  AN ATTORNEY, YOU MAY BE ELIGIBLE FOR FREE OR LOW-COST LEGAL
  ASSISTANCE."
         (a-2)  After a landlord gives a tenant an opportunity to cure
  under Subsection (a-1), the landlord must give the tenant at least
  14 days' written notice to vacate the premises before the landlord
  files a forcible detainer suit. The notice to vacate must state the
  reason for the notice and must include, in all capital letters in an
  easily readable font and type size, the words "THIS IS NOT AN
  EVICTION ORDER. THIS IS A DEMAND FOR POSSESSION OF THE PROPERTY.
  AN EVICTION CASE MAY BE FILED AGAINST YOU 14 DAYS AFTER THE DATE
  THIS NOTICE WAS DELIVERED. CALL THE STATE BAR OF TEXAS TOLL-FREE AT
  1-877-9TEXBAR IF YOU NEED HELP LOCATING AN ATTORNEY. IF YOU CANNOT
  AFFORD TO HIRE AN ATTORNEY, YOU MAY BE ELIGIBLE FOR FREE OR LOW-COST
  LEGAL ASSISTANCE."
         (a-3)  If applicable, the written notice to vacate must
  inform a residential tenant of the tenant's right to cure the
  default for nonpayment of rent under Section 24.00605.
         SECTION 3.  Chapter 24, Property Code, is amended by adding
  Sections 24.00605, 24.012, 24.013, and 24.014 to read as follows:
         Sec. 24.00605.  RESIDENTIAL TENANT'S RIGHT TO CURE BEFORE
  WRIT OF POSSESSION EXECUTED. (a)  Except as provided by Subsection
  (b), a residential tenant who is in default for nonpayment of rent
  under a written or oral lease may cure the default and reinstate the
  lease by paying all rent, court costs, and attorney's fees not later
  than the date that a writ of possession is executed.
         (b)  Unless the lease provides otherwise, a tenant may not
  cure a default if the tenant cured a default under this section in
  the 12-month period preceding the date the writ of possession is
  executed.
         Sec. 24.012.  ACCESS TO EVICTION CASE INFORMATION. (a)  In
  this section:
               (1)  "Eviction case" means a lawsuit brought under this
  chapter to recover possession of leased or rented residential real
  property from a tenant.
               (2)  "Eviction case information" means all records and
  files related to a filing of an eviction case, including petitions
  and dispositions.
         (b)  This section applies to an eviction case in which an
  order granting limited dissemination of eviction case information
  has not been entered under Section 24.013.
         (c)  The court clerk shall allow access to eviction case
  information only to:
               (1)  a party to the action, including a party's
  attorney;
               (2)  a person who provides the clerk with:
                     (A)  the names of at least one plaintiff and one
  defendant; and
                     (B)  the address of the premises, including the
  apartment or unit number, if any;
               (3)  a resident of the premises who:
                     (A)  provides the clerk with the name of one of the
  parties or the case number; and
                     (B)  shows proof of residency;
               (4)  a person in accordance with a court order, which
  may be granted ex parte, issued on a showing of good cause;
               (5)  a person in accordance with a court order issued at
  the time the judgment in the case is entered, if the judgment is
  entered:
                     (A)  for the plaintiff after a trial; and
                     (B)  after the 60th day after the date the
  complaint was filed; or
               (6)  any other person after the 60th day after the date
  the complaint was filed:
                     (A)  if the plaintiff prevailed in the action
  before the 60th day after the date the complaint was filed; or
                     (B)  if the case involved residential real
  property purchased at a foreclosure sale and judgment against all
  defendants was entered for the plaintiff after a trial.
         (d)  If a default or default judgment is set aside after the
  60th day after the date the complaint was filed, this section
  applies as if the complaint had been filed on the date the default
  or default judgment is set aside.
         (e)  This section may not be construed to prohibit the court
  from issuing an order that bars access to eviction case information
  if stipulated by the parties to the case.
         (f)  For purposes of this section, good cause for access to
  eviction case information includes the gathering of:
               (1)  newsworthy facts by a journalist as defined by
  Article 38.11, Code of Criminal Procedure; and
               (2)  evidence by a party to the eviction case solely for
  the purpose of making a request for judicial notice.
         (g)  After the filing of an eviction case, the court clerk
  shall mail notice to each defendant named in the case.  The notice
  must be mailed to the address provided in the complaint.  The notice
  must contain a statement that an eviction case has been filed
  against the defendant and that access to the eviction case
  information will be delayed for 60 days except to a party, an
  attorney for one of the parties, a person who has good cause for
  access as determined by a court, or any other person who provides to
  the clerk:
               (1)  the names of at least one plaintiff and one
  defendant in the case and provides to the clerk the address,
  including any applicable apartment or unit number, of the subject
  premises; or
               (2)  the name of one of the parties in the case or the
  case number and can establish through proper identification that
  the person resides at the address identified in the case.
         (h)  The notice must also contain:
               (1)  the name and telephone number of the county bar
  association for the county in which the case is filed;
               (2)  the name and telephone number of any entity that
  requests inclusion on the notice and demonstrates to the
  satisfaction of the court that the entity has been certified by the
  State Bar of Texas as a lawyer referral service and maintains a
  panel of attorneys qualified in the practice of landlord-tenant law
  under the minimum standards for a lawyer referral service
  established by the State Bar of Texas and Chapter 952, Occupations
  Code;
               (3)  the following statement: "The State Bar of Texas
  certifies lawyer referral services in Texas and publishes a list of
  certified lawyer referral services.  To locate a lawyer referral
  service in your area, go to the State Bar's Internet website at
  www.texasbar.com or call 1-877-9TEXBAR.";
               (4)  the names and telephone numbers of offices that
  provide legal services at low or no cost to low-income persons in
  the county in which the action is filed; and
               (5)  a statement that a person receiving the notice may
  call the telephone numbers described in the notice for legal advice
  regarding the case.
         (i)  The court clerk shall mail a notice required under this
  section not earlier than the 24th hour and not later than the 48th
  hour after the time the eviction case is filed, excluding weekends
  and holidays.
         (j)  The court clerk shall mail separately to the subject
  premises one copy of the notice addressed to "all occupants."  The
  notice does not constitute service of the summons and complaint.
         Sec. 24.013.  LIMITED DISSEMINATION OF EVICTION CASE
  INFORMATION. (a)  In this section, "eviction case" and "eviction
  case information" have the meanings assigned by Section 24.012.
         (b)  Concurrently with a final judgment or dismissal in an
  eviction case or on petition of a defendant in an eviction case
  after a final judgment or dismissal in the case, a court shall enter
  an order of limited dissemination of the eviction case information
  pertaining to the defendant if:
               (1)  the judgment is or was entered in favor of the
  defendant;
               (2)  the eviction case is or was dismissed without any
  relief granted to the plaintiff;
               (3)  the defendant is or was a tenant not otherwise in
  default and the eviction case was brought by the landlord's
  successor in interest following foreclosure; or
               (4)  at least three years have elapsed from the date of
  the final judgment in the eviction case.
         (c)  Concurrently with a final judgment or dismissal in an
  eviction case or on petition of a defendant in an eviction case
  after a final judgment or dismissal in the case, a court may order
  the limited dissemination of eviction case information pertaining
  to the defendant if the court finds that:
               (1)  the limited dissemination of the eviction case
  information is in the interest of justice; and
               (2)  the interest of justice is not outweighed by the
  public's interest in knowing the eviction case information.
         (d)  If an order is entered granting limited dissemination of
  eviction case information pertaining to a defendant under this
  section:
               (1)  all courts or court clerks shall delete or redact
  all index references to the name of the defendant that relate to the
  eviction case information from the public records; and
               (2)  except to the extent permitted by federal law, a
  credit reporting agency, a person who regularly collects and
  disseminates eviction case information, or a person who sells
  eviction case information may not:
                     (A)  disclose the existence of the eviction case;
  or
                     (B)  use the eviction case information as a factor
  in determining a score or recommendation in a tenant screening
  report regarding the defendant.
         (e)  A person who knowingly violates Subsection (d) is liable
  to an injured party for:
               (1)  actual damages;
               (2)  exemplary damages of $1,000; and
               (3)  reasonable attorney's fees and court costs.
         (f)  Notwithstanding Section 41.004(a), Civil Practice and
  Remedies Code, a court shall award exemplary damages under
  Subsection (e)(2) to the injured party irrespective of whether the
  party is awarded actual damages.
         Sec. 24.014.  EVICTION CASE INFORMATION RELATED TO COVID-19
  PANDEMIC.  (a)  In this section, "eviction case" has the meaning
  assigned by Section 24.012.
         (b)  Except as provided by Subsection (d), a landlord may not
  refuse to rent, negotiate for the rental of, or in any other manner
  make unavailable or deny a dwelling to a person because of an
  eviction case brought against the person during a state of disaster
  declared by the governor under Section 418.014, Government Code,
  related to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic or before
  the 180th day after the date of termination of the state of
  disaster.
         (c)  A court may find that limited dissemination of
  information related to an eviction case brought against a person
  during the period described by Subsection (b) is in the interest of
  justice for purposes of Section 24.013.
         (d)  This section does not apply to an eviction case based on
  actions of the tenant that create an imminent threat to the health
  or safety of the landlord, a member of the landlord's or tenant's
  household, other tenants, or neighbors.
         SECTION 4.  Section 92.0081(b), Property Code, is amended to
  read as follows:
         (b)  A landlord may not intentionally prevent a tenant from
  entering the leased premises except by judicial process unless the
  exclusion results from:
               (1)  bona fide repairs, construction, or an emergency;
  or
               (2)  removing the contents of premises abandoned by a
  tenant[; or
               [(3)  changing the door locks on the door to the
  tenant's individual unit of a tenant who is delinquent in paying at
  least part of the rent].
         SECTION 5.  The heading to Section 92.011, Property Code, is
  amended to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.011.  [CASH] RENTAL PAYMENTS.
         SECTION 6.  Section 92.011, Property Code, is amended by
  adding Subsection (b-1) to read as follows:
         (b-1)  A landlord shall apply any payment received from a
  tenant to unpaid rent before applying the payment to a fee, charge,
  or other sum of money owed by the tenant that is not rent. This
  subsection applies without regard to the method of payment.
         SECTION 7.  Subchapter A, Chapter 92, Property Code, is
  amended by adding Section 92.0111 to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.0111.  NON-UTILITY MANDATORY SERVICE FEES
  PROHIBITED.  (a)  In this section, "mandatory service" means any
  service other than water, gas, or electric utility services
  provided to a tenant under a lease and for which the lease does not
  allow the tenant to voluntarily opt out of receiving the service.
         (b)  A landlord shall include any charges for a mandatory
  service in the rent and may not charge a tenant a separate fee for a
  mandatory service.
         SECTION 8.  Section 92.019, Property Code, is amended by
  amending Subsection (a-1) and adding Subsection (b-1) to read as
  follows:
         (a-1)  For purposes of this section, a late fee is considered
  reasonable if[:
               [(1)]  the late fee is not more than the lesser of [:
                     [(A)  12 percent of the amount of rent for the
  rental period under the lease for a dwelling located in a structure
  that contains not more than four dwelling units; or
                     [(B)] 10 percent of the amount of rent for the
  rental period under the lease or $75 [for a dwelling located in a
  structure that contains more than four dwelling units; or
               [(2)  the late fee is more than the applicable amount
  under Subdivision (1), but not more than uncertain damages to the
  landlord related to the late payment of rent, including direct or
  indirect expenses, direct or indirect costs, or overhead associated
  with the collection of late payment].
         (b-1)  A landlord may not charge a tenant a late fee on an
  unpaid amount that does not include unpaid rent and consists
  entirely of a fee, charge, or other sum of money owed by the tenant
  that is not rent, including a late fee charged under Subsection (a).
         SECTION 9.  Subchapter A, Chapter 92, Property Code, is
  amended by adding Section 92.022 to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.022.  CERTAIN CRIMINAL MATTERS NOT DEFAULT.  
  Notwithstanding any terms of a lease to the contrary, the arrest,
  charge, detention, or deferred adjudication or pretrial diversion
  of a tenant for any crime does not constitute a default under the
  lease by the tenant.
         SECTION 10.  Subchapter A, Chapter 92, Property Code, is
  amended by adding Section 92.027 to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.027.  NOTICE REGARDING ENTRY TO DWELLING BY
  LANDLORD.  (a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), a landlord may
  enter a dwelling only if the landlord has delivered to the tenant,
  at least 48 hours before the entry, a written notice containing the
  date and time the landlord will enter the tenant's dwelling and the
  purpose for the entry.
         (b)  After giving notice as required by Subsection (a), a
  landlord may enter a dwelling only:
               (1)  on the date and at the time contained in the
  notice; and
               (2)  for the purpose stated in the notice.
         (c)  In the case of an emergency, a landlord may enter a
  dwelling as necessary without providing the notice required by
  Subsection (a).
         (d)  A provision of a lease that purports to waive a right or
  to exempt a party from a liability or duty under this section is
  void.
         SECTION 11.  Section 92.052, Property Code, is amended by
  adding Subsections (a-1), (a-2), and (a-3) to read as follows:
         (a-1)  Before a lease is executed, a landlord or a landlord's
  agent shall:
               (1)  inspect the premises;
               (2)  make a diligent effort to complete all repairs
  necessary to make the premises habitable, including ensuring that
  the premises:
                     (A)  have a device to supply hot water of a minimum
  temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit that is in good operating
  condition; and
                     (B)  comply with the requirements of applicable
  building or housing codes material to the physical health and
  safety of the ordinary tenant; and
               (3)  affirm in the lease that the landlord has complied
  with this subsection.
         (a-2)  If, not later than the seventh day after the lease
  start date and except as provided by Subsection (a-3), a tenant
  discovers that the premises do not meet the requirements of
  Subsection (a-1)(2)(A) or (B), the tenant, after notifying the
  landlord by giving that notice to the person to whom or to the place
  where the tenant's rent is normally paid, may:
               (1)  terminate the lease;
               (2)  withhold rent payments or have the condition
  repaired or remedied according to Section 92.0561;
               (3)  deduct from the tenant's rent, without necessity
  of judicial action, the cost of the repair or remedy according to
  Section 92.0561; and
               (4)  obtain judicial remedies according to Section
  92.0563.
         (a-3)  A tenant who elects to terminate the lease under
  Subsection (a-2) is:
               (1)  entitled to a pro rata refund of rent from the date
  of termination or the date the tenant moves out, whichever is later;
               (2)  entitled to deduct the tenant's security deposit
  from the tenant's rent, without necessity of judicial action, or to
  obtain a refund of the tenant's security deposit according to law;
  and
               (3)  not entitled to the other repair and deduct
  remedies under Section 92.0561 or the judicial remedies under
  Sections 92.0563(a)(1) and (2).
         SECTION 12.  Section 92.054, Property Code, is amended by
  amending Subsections (b) and (c) and adding Subsections (b-1),
  (b-2), (b-3), (b-4), (b-5), (d), (e), (f), and (g) to read as
  follows:
         (b)  If after a casualty loss the rental premises are as a
  practical matter totally unusable for residential purposes and if
  the casualty loss is not caused by the negligence or fault of the
  tenant, a member of the tenant's family, or a guest or invitee of
  the tenant, either the landlord or the tenant may terminate the
  lease by giving written notice to the other any time before repairs
  are completed.
         (b-1)  A notice described by Subsection (b) must be provided:
               (1)  to a landlord:
                     (A)  by hand delivery or mail to a forwarding
  address that the landlord provides to the tenant by e-mail or
  otherwise; or
                     (B)  if a forwarding address has not been provided
  as described by Paragraph (A):
                           (i)  by hand delivery to the landlord or the
  landlord's representative at another location; or
                           (ii)  by mail to the place where the tenant's
  rent is normally paid; or
               (2)  to a tenant:
                     (A)  by hand delivery or mail to a forwarding
  address that the tenant provides to the landlord by e-mail or
  otherwise; or
                     (B)  if a forwarding address has not been provided
  as described by Paragraph (A):
                           (i)  by hand delivery to the tenant at
  another location; or
                           (ii)  by mail to the tenant's rental
  premises.
         (b-2)  A termination of a lease as authorized by Subsection
  (b) may not take effect before the 15th day after the date the
  notice is delivered. If more than one method under Subsection (b-1)
  is used to provide notice, the method under which the notice was
  delivered on the earliest date applies for purposes of this
  subsection.
         (b-3)  A landlord may not charge rent for the rental premises
  and rent for the rental premises may not accrue after the date the
  premises became as a practical matter totally unusable for
  residential purposes as a result of a casualty loss.
         (b-4)  Subject to Subsection (b-5) and notwithstanding that
  the termination of the lease has not taken effect under Subsection
  (b-2), if a notice to terminate [If] the lease is provided under
  this section [terminated], the landlord shall pay to the tenant not
  later than the fifth day after the date the notice is delivered:
               (1)  a refund of any prepaid rent;
               (2)  [is entitled only to] a pro rata refund of rent
  from the date the rental premises became as a practical matter
  totally unusable for residential purposes as a result of a casualty
  loss; [tenant moves out] and
               (3)  [to] a full refund of any security deposit
  [otherwise required by law].
         (b-5)  If a tenant has not provided the landlord a forwarding
  address as described by Subsection (b-1)(2)(A), the period for
  providing the refund amounts specified by Subsection (b-4) is
  tolled until the tenant provides the landlord a written statement
  by e-mail or otherwise of the tenant's forwarding address for the
  purpose of refunding those amounts. A tenant that provides notice
  under Subsection (b) may provide the written statement of the
  tenant's forwarding address in that notice. A landlord that
  provides notice under Subsection (b) must include a statement
  informing the tenant of the requirement of this subsection.
         (c)  If after a casualty loss the rental premises are
  partially unusable for residential purposes and if the casualty
  loss is not caused by the negligence or fault of the tenant, a
  member of the tenant's family, or a guest or invitee of the tenant,
  the tenant is entitled to reduction in the rent for the month in
  which the casualty loss occurs and any subsequent months in the
  lease term in which the rental premises are partially unusable for
  residential purposes. The tenant is entitled to determine the
  amount of the reduction in the rent, provided that the tenant must
  determine [in] an amount that is proportionate to the extent the
  premises are unusable because of the casualty loss [, but only on
  judgment of a county or district court]. A tenant entitled to a
  reduction in rent may deduct and withhold from a rent payment the
  amount determined by the tenant  [A landlord and tenant may agree
  otherwise in a written lease].
         (d)  It is a defense in a proceeding to recover unpaid rent
  for a rental premises, including a proceeding to recover possession
  of a rental premises for nonpayment of rent, that a rent payment was
  reduced, deducted, and withheld in accordance with Subsection (c).
         (e)  If a tenant asserts a defense under Subsection (d), the
  court shall determine the amount of the reduction in the rent that
  is proportionate to the extent the premises are unusable because of
  the casualty.  If the tenant withheld an amount less than the amount
  determined by the court, the court shall enter a judgment for the
  tenant in an amount equal to the amount the tenant overpaid.  If the
  tenant withheld an amount greater than the amount determined by the
  court, the court:
               (1)  may assess late fees in accordance with the lease
  if the court finds that the tenant acted in bad faith in reducing or
  withholding the rent payment;
               (2)  shall order the tenant to pay into the registry of
  the court or, if the landlord consents in writing, directly to the
  landlord:
                     (A)  an amount equal to the amount the tenant
  underpaid; and
                     (B)  any late fees assessed under Subdivision (1);
               (3)  may not enter a final judgment in the proceeding
  before the 10th business day after the date the court issued the
  order of payment under Subdivision (2); and
               (4)  shall dismiss the proceeding against the tenant if
  the tenant complies with the order of payment under Subdivision (2)
  before the 10th business day after the date the court issued the
  order of payment under Subdivision (2).
         (f)  It is a defense in a proceeding to recover possession of
  a rental premises after the landlord terminates a lease under this
  section that the premises are totally or partially usable for
  residential purposes.
         (g)  A provision of a lease is void if the provision purports
  to:
               (1)  waive a right or exempt a party from a liability or
  duty under this section; or
               (2)  expand a party's right to unilaterally terminate a
  lease under this section.
         SECTION 13.  Sections 92.056(b) and (e), Property Code, are
  amended to read as follows:
         (b)  A landlord is liable to a tenant as provided by this
  subchapter if:
               (1)  the tenant has given the landlord notice to repair
  or remedy a condition by giving that notice to the person to whom or
  to the place where the tenant's rent is normally paid;
               (2)  the condition materially affects the physical
  health or safety of an ordinary tenant;
               (3)  the tenant has given the landlord a subsequent
  written notice to repair or remedy the condition after a reasonable
  time to repair or remedy the condition following the notice given
  under Subdivision (1) or the tenant has given the notice under
  Subdivision (1) by sending that notice by:
                     (A)  a method specified in the lease;
                     (B)  a method generally accepted by the landlord
  in practice;
                     (C)  certified mail, return receipt requested;
                     (D)  [, by] registered mail; [,] or
                     (E)  [by] another form of mail that allows
  tracking of delivery from the United States Postal Service or a
  private delivery service;
               (4)  the landlord has had a reasonable time to repair or
  remedy the condition after the landlord received the tenant's
  notice under Subdivision (1) and, if applicable, the tenant's
  subsequent notice under Subdivision (3);
               (5)  the landlord has not made a diligent effort to
  repair or remedy the condition after the landlord received the
  tenant's notice under Subdivision (1) and, if applicable, the
  tenant's notice under Subdivision (3); and
               (6)  the tenant was not delinquent in the payment of
  rent at the time any notice required by this subsection was given.
         (e)  Except as provided by [in] Subsection (f), a tenant to
  whom a landlord is liable under Subsection (b) [of this section]
  may:
               (1)  terminate the lease;
               (2)  withhold rent payments or have the condition
  repaired or remedied according to Section 92.0561;
               (3)  deduct from the tenant's rent, without necessity
  of judicial action, the cost of the repair or remedy according to
  Section 92.0561; and
               (4)  obtain judicial remedies according to Section
  92.0563.
         SECTION 14.  The heading to Section 92.0561, Property Code,
  is amended to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.0561.  TENANT'S REPAIR AND DEDUCT AND RENT
  WITHHOLDING REMEDIES.
         SECTION 15.  Section 92.0561, Property Code, is amended by
  amending Subsections (a), (d), (e), and (f) and adding Subsections
  (l) and (m) to read as follows:
         (a)  If the landlord is liable to the tenant under Section
  92.056(b), the tenant may:
               (1)  withhold rent payments; or
               (2)  have the condition repaired or remedied and may
  deduct the cost from a subsequent rent payment as provided in this
  section.
         (d)  Repairs under this section may be made or rent payments
  may be withheld only if [all of the following requirements are met]:
               (1)  the [The] landlord has a duty to repair or remedy
  the condition under Section 92.052, and the duty has not been waived
  in a written lease by the tenant under [Subsection (e) or (f) of]
  Section 92.006(e) or (f); [92.006.]
               (2)  the [The] tenant has given notice to the landlord
  as required by Section 92.056(b)(1), and, if required, a subsequent
  notice under Section 92.056(b)(3);
               (3)  if the tenant intends to repair or remedy the
  condition, [and] at least one of the [those] notices under
  Subdivision (2):
                     (A)  states that the tenant intends to repair or
  remedy the condition; and
                     (B)  contains[. The notice shall also contain] a
  reasonable description of the intended repair or remedy; and[.]
               (4)  any [(3)  Any] one of the following events has
  occurred:
                     (A)  the [The] landlord has failed to remedy the
  backup or overflow of raw sewage inside the tenant's dwelling or the
  flooding from broken pipes or natural drainage inside the dwelling; 
  [.]
                     (B)  the [The] landlord has expressly or impliedly
  agreed in the lease to furnish potable water to the tenant's
  dwelling and the water service to the dwelling has totally ceased; 
  [.]
                     (C)  the [The] landlord has expressly or impliedly
  agreed in the lease to furnish heating or cooling equipment, and[;]
  the equipment is not producing adequate [inadequate] heat or cooled
  air; or[; and the landlord has been notified in writing by the
  appropriate local housing, building, or health official or other
  official having jurisdiction that the lack of heat or cooling
  materially affects the health or safety of an ordinary tenant.]
                     (D)  the [The] landlord has been notified in
  writing by the appropriate local housing, building, or health
  official or other official having jurisdiction that the condition
  materially affects the health or safety of an ordinary tenant.
         (e)  If the requirements of Subsection (d) [of this section]
  are met, a tenant may withhold rent payments or:
               (1)  have the condition repaired or remedied
  immediately following the tenant's notice of intent to repair if
  the condition involves sewage or flooding as described by [referred
  to in Paragraph (A) of Subdivision (3) of] Subsection (d)(4)(A) 
  [(d) of this section];
               (2)  have the condition repaired or remedied if the
  condition involves a cessation of potable water as described by 
  [referred to in Paragraph (A) of Subdivision (3) of] Subsection
  (d)(4)(B) [(d) of this section] and if the landlord has failed to
  repair or remedy the condition within three days following the
  tenant's delivery of notice of intent to repair;
               (3)  have the condition repaired or remedied if the
  condition involves inadequate heat or cooled air as described by 
  [referred to in Paragraph (C) of Subdivision (3) of] Subsection
  (d)(4)(C) [(d) of this section] and if the landlord has failed to
  repair the condition within three days after delivery of the
  tenant's notice of intent to repair; or
               (4)  have the condition repaired or remedied if:
                     (A)  the condition is not covered by Subsection
  (d)(4)(A) [Paragraph (A)], (B), or (C);
                     (B)  the condition [of Subdivision (3) of
  Subsection (d) of this section and] involves a condition affecting
  the physical health or safety of the ordinary tenant as described by 
  [referred to in Paragraph (D) of Subdivision (3) of] Subsection
  (d)(4)(D); [(d) of this section] and
                     (C)  [if] the landlord has failed to repair or
  remedy the condition within seven days after delivery of the
  tenant's notice of intent to repair.
         (f)  Repairs made pursuant to the tenant's notice must be
  made by a company, contractor, or repairman listed in the yellow or
  business pages of the telephone directory, on an Internet website
  that aggregates and provides information about other businesses
  that perform repair work, or in the classified advertising section
  of a newspaper of the local city, county, or adjacent county at the
  time of the tenant's notice of intent to repair. Unless the
  landlord and tenant agree otherwise under Subsection (g) [of this
  section], repairs may not be made by the tenant, the tenant's
  immediate family, the tenant's employer or employees, or a company
  in which the tenant has an ownership interest. Repairs may not be
  made to the foundation or load-bearing structural elements of the
  building if it contains two or more dwelling units.
         (l)  If the tenant chooses to withhold rent payments under
  this section, the tenant may withhold rent until the repair is
  completed. The tenant shall pay all rent owed not later than the
  second business day after the date the repair is completed. The
  tenant may not withhold rent payments that came due before the
  tenant notified the landlord of the condition in need of repair or
  remedy.
         (m)  A landlord may not charge a late fee for rent properly
  withheld under this section.
         SECTION 16.  Section 92.331(b), Property Code, is amended to
  read as follows:
         (b)  A landlord may not, because [within six months after the
  date] of the tenant's action under Subsection (a), retaliate
  against the tenant by:
               (1)  filing an eviction proceeding, except for the
  grounds stated by Section 92.332;
               (2)  depriving the tenant of the use of the premises,
  except for reasons authorized by law;
               (3)  decreasing services to the tenant;
               (4)  increasing the tenant's rent or terminating the
  tenant's lease; or
               (5)  engaging, in bad faith, in a course of conduct that
  materially interferes with the tenant's rights under the tenant's
  lease.
         SECTION 17.  Section 92.351, Property Code, is amended by
  adding Subdivisions (3-a) and (3-b) to read as follows:
               (3-a)  "Conditional offer" means an offer to rent or
  lease a rental unit to an applicant that is contingent on the
  landlord's subsequent inquiry into the applicant's criminal
  history.
               (3-b)  "Conviction" means a verdict or plea of guilty
  or nolo contendere. The term does not include deferred
  adjudication or community supervision.
         SECTION 18.  Section 92.3515, Property Code, is amended by
  amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsection (a-1) to read as
  follows:
         (a)  At the time an applicant is provided with a rental
  application and before accepting an application fee, the landlord
  shall make available to the applicant printed notice of the
  landlord's tenant selection criteria and the grounds for which the
  rental application may be denied, including the applicant's:
               (1)  criminal history;
               (2)  previous rental history;
               (3)  current income;
               (4)  credit history; or
               (5)  failure to provide accurate or complete
  information on the application form.
         (a-1)  The printed notice must state in writing that the
  applicant may provide evidence showing:
               (1)  the inaccuracies in the applicant's criminal
  history;
               (2)  the applicant's rehabilitation or rehabilitative
  effort while incarcerated or after release; or
               (3)  other mitigating factors.
         SECTION 19.  Section 92.354, Property Code, is amended to
  read as follows:
         Sec. 92.354.  LIABILITY OF LANDLORD. (a) A landlord who in
  bad faith fails to refund an application fee or deposit in violation
  of this subchapter is liable for an amount equal to the sum of $100,
  three times the amount wrongfully retained, and the applicant's
  reasonable attorney's fees.
         (b)  A landlord who violates Section 92.356 is liable for an
  amount equal to the sum of $500 and the applicant's reasonable
  attorney's fees.
         SECTION 20.  Subchapter I, Chapter 92, Property Code, is
  amended by adding Section 92.356 to read as follows:
         Sec. 92.356.  CRIMINAL RECORD SCREENING. (a) A landlord
  screening an applicant's criminal history may not inquire about or
  consider a previous arrest of the applicant if the arrest did not
  result in a conviction.
         (b)  Before making a conditional offer, a landlord may not
  inquire about or require an applicant to disclose or reveal a
  pending criminal charge.
         (c)  Notwithstanding Subsection (b), a landlord may require
  an applicant to authorize the landlord to perform an inquiry or any
  other check related to the landlord's tenant selection criteria in
  deciding whether to rent or lease to an applicant.
         (d)  After making a conditional offer, a landlord screening
  an applicant's criminal history may not consider a criminal
  conviction that occurred more than three years before the date of
  the conditional offer.
         (e)  A landlord may withdraw a conditional offer based on an
  applicant's criminal conviction that has occurred less than three
  years before the date of the conditional offer only if the landlord
  determines that the withdrawal achieves a substantial, legitimate,
  nondiscriminatory interest. The landlord's determination must be
  reasonable after consideration of:
               (1)  the nature and severity of the criminal offense;
               (2)  the age of the applicant at the time of the
  occurrence of the criminal offense;
               (3)  the time that has elapsed since the occurrence of
  the criminal offense;
               (4)  any information produced by the applicant, or
  produced on the applicant's behalf, in regard to the applicant's
  rehabilitation and good conduct since the occurrence of the
  criminal offense;
               (5)  the degree to which the criminal offense, if it
  reoccurred, would negatively impact the safety of the landlord's
  other tenants or property; and
               (6)  whether the criminal offense occurred on or was
  connected to property that was rented or leased by the applicant.
         (f)  The landlord may not have a policy to ban renting or
  leasing to tenants with a criminal conviction history. A
  determination to withdraw a conditional offer must be based on an
  individualized assessment considering the factors described by
  Subsection (e).
         (g)  If a landlord withdraws a conditional offer, the
  landlord shall provide the applicant with written notification that
  includes, with specificity, the reasons for the withdrawal of the
  conditional offer. Not later than the 20th day after the date
  notice is provided, the applicant may request that the landlord
  provide the applicant a copy of all information on which the
  landlord relied in considering the applicant, including criminal
  records. A landlord shall provide the information, free of charge,
  not later than the 10th day after the date the request is received.
         (h)  This section may not be construed to allow a landlord to
  inquire about or require an applicant to disclose:
               (1)  a pending criminal accusation against any
  prospective tenant; or
               (2)  that a child, as defined by Section 51.02, Family
  Code, who will reside in the rental unit was found to have engaged
  in delinquent conduct or conduct indicating a need for supervision.
         (i)  This section does not apply:
               (1)  to a landlord who owns and occupies a multiunit
  complex that has three or fewer dwelling units; or
               (2)  if a federal law or regulation or other law:
                     (A)  requires the consideration of an applicant's
  criminal history for the purposes of obtaining housing; or
                     (B)  allows for denial of an applicant due to
  certain criminal convictions.
         SECTION 21.  Section 94.251, Property Code, is amended to
  read as follows:
         Sec. 94.251.  RETALIATION BY LANDLORD. (a) A landlord may
  not retaliate against a tenant by taking an action described by
  Subsection (b) because the tenant:
               (1)  in good faith exercises or attempts to exercise
  against a landlord a right or remedy granted to the tenant by the
  lease agreement, a municipal ordinance, or a federal or state
  statute;
               (2)  gives the landlord a notice to repair or exercise a
  remedy under this chapter; [or]
               (3)  complains to a governmental entity responsible for
  enforcing building or housing codes, a public utility, or a civic or
  nonprofit agency, and the tenant:
                     (A)  claims a building or housing code violation
  or utility problem; and
                     (B)  believes in good faith that the complaint is
  valid and that the violation or problem occurred; or
               (4)  establishes, attempts to establish, or
  participates in a tenant organization.
         (b)  A landlord may not, because [within six months after the
  date] of the tenant's action under Subsection (a), retaliate
  against the tenant by:
               (1)  filing an eviction proceeding, except for the
  grounds stated by Subchapter E;
               (2)  depriving the tenant of the use of the premises,
  except for reasons authorized by law;
               (3)  decreasing services to the tenant;
               (4)  increasing the tenant's rent;
               (5)  terminating the tenant's lease agreement; or
               (6)  engaging, in bad faith, in a course of conduct that
  materially interferes with the tenant's rights under the tenant's
  lease agreement.
         SECTION 22.  Sections 92.0081(c), (d), (e), (e-1), (f), (g),
  (i), and (k), Property Code, are repealed.
         SECTION 23.  The changes in law made by this Act apply only
  to a lease or rental agreement entered into or renewed on or after
  the effective date of this Act. A lease or rental agreement entered
  into or renewed before the effective date of this Act is governed by
  the law in effect immediately before the effective date of this Act,
  and the former law is continued in effect for that purpose.
         SECTION 24.  Not later than January 1, 2024, the Texas
  Supreme Court shall adopt the rules necessary to implement Sections
  24.012 and 24.013, Property Code, as added by this Act.
         SECTION 25.  (a) Except as provided by Subsection (b) of
  this section, this Act takes effect January 1, 2024.
         (b)  Section 24 of this Act takes effect September 1, 2023.
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