Bill Text: HI HCR105 | 2019 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Requesting That The Department Of Land And Natural Resources Provide Additional Protections To The Mauna Kea Summit Due To Its Environmental Significance And Cultural Importance To The Native Hawaiian People.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2019-03-14 - Referred to WLH, FIN, referral sheet 33 [HCR105 Detail]
Download: Hawaii-2019-HCR105-Introduced.html
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HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
H.C.R. NO. |
105 |
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THIRTIETH LEGISLATURE, 2019 |
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STATE OF HAWAII |
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HOUSE CONCURRENT
RESOLUTION
requesting that the department of land and natural resources provide additional protections to the mauna kea summit due to its ENVIRONMENTAL significance and cultural importance to the native hawaiian people.
WHEREAS, Native Hawaiians consider Mauna Kea to be an ancestor, a living family member, born of Wākea (Sky Father) and Papa (Earth Mother), progenitors of the Native Hawaiian people and the place where Sky and Earth separated to form the Great-Expanse-of-Space and the Heavenly Realms; and
WHEREAS, Mauna Kea is a wao akua (the place where gods reside or home of nā akua), the realm of ancestral akua (gods, goddesses, and deities or nā ‘aumakua), where akua take earthly form as the pu‘u (hill or peak), the waters of Lake Waiau, and other significant landscape features, and is a wahi pana (storied place); and
WHEREAS, many Native Hawaiian traditional and customary religious practitioners consider the summit a place dedicated to the Supreme Being and perform temple ceremonies including those that honor the time of the Polohiwa (Solstice and Equinox) throughout the year; and
WHEREAS, according to the Native Hawaiian Environment by Kumu Hula Pualani Kanaka‘ole Kanahele, "Mauna Kea is also the piko, or navel, of the island, and this is another reason the mountain and the area around it is considered sacred" by Native Hawaiians; and
WHEREAS, the large number of shrines on and near the summit of Mauna Kea indicate that the summit was and continues to be used as a place of worship for the snow goddess Poli‘ahu and other akua and ‘aumakua such as Kūkahau‘ula, Līlīnoe, and Waiau; and
WHEREAS, traditional and customary Native Hawaiian practices are derived from these beliefs; and
WHEREAS, approximately 11,000 acres of the Mauna Kea summit, an area spanning from the 6,000 feet elevation (Saddle Road) to 13,796 feet elevation above sea level at the summit, is zoned as conservation lands; and
WHEREAS, within the Mauna Kea Conservation District live a number of rare, threatened, or endangered plants, animals, and arthropods, found nowhere else on the planet; and
WHEREAS, the native bird species that reside within the Conservation District include the Palila (Loxioides bailleui), ‘Amakihi (Hemignathus virens), ‘Apapane (Himatione sanguinea), ‘Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis), ‘Akiapola‘au (Hemignathus munroi), ‘I‘iwi (Vestiaria coccinea), and U‘au (Pterodroma sandwichensis) and of these species only the Palila, ‘Amakihi, ‘Apapane and ‘I‘iwi have been observed at Halepōhaku in recent times; and
WHEREAS, the māmane-naio forest on the southwestern, eastern, and northern slopes of Mauna Kea houses the entire world population of the Palila (Loxioides bailleui) bird, the iconic Hawaiian honeycreeper endemic to the island of Hawai‘i and specifically Mauna Kea and the last finch-billed honeycreeper in the main islands; and
WHEREAS, the Mauna Kea ‘Āhinahina (the Silver Sword), ‘Io (Hawaiian Hawk), Pueo (Owl), Palila (Honey
Creeper), ‘Ōpe‘ape‘a
(Bat), and U‘au (Pterodroma
sandwichensis) are all rare, threatened, or endangered officially and listed as
such by the federal government; and
WHEREAS, the Māmane woodlands are home to a wide variety of native arthropods (insects, spiders), including two new moth species belonging to the family Noctuidae, given the names A. helela and A. kuamauna, which are highly unusual species that rely on plants as their sole food source, since the family Noctuidae is mostly made up of predators and scavengers, the Wēkiu being one of the more famous of these species; and
WHEREAS, the Wēkiu bug (Nysius wekiuicola), is a tiny (4.5-5.5 mm) flightless scavenger endemic to the northern plateau area (11,483-13,795 feet) of Mauna Kea and has gained the attention and interest of scientists, conservationists, and the public because of its very restricted range and peculiar life history; and
WHEREAS, the alpine shrublands of Mauna Kea are inhabited mainly by low-lying shrubby species such as Pūkiawe (Leptecophylla tameiameiae), ‘Ōhelo (Vaccinium reticulatum), and Mauna Kea dubautia (Dubautia arborea) and scattered grasses such as Hawaiian bentgrass (Agrostis sandwicensis) and Pili uka (Trisetum glomeratum); and
WHEREAS, the alpine shrublands of Mauna Kea are also inhabited by native ferns such as Douglas' bladderfern (Cystopteris douglasii), Kalamoho (Pellaea ternifolia), ‘Olali‘i (Asplenium trichomanes), and ‘Iwa‘iwa (bird’s nest ferns, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum); and
WHEREAS, historically common but now rare species found on the alpine shrublands of Mauna Kea include ‘Āhinahina (Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. sandwicense), lava dubautia (Dubautia ciliolate ssp. ciliolata), ‘Ōhelopapa (Hawaiian strawberry, Fragraria chiloensis), ‘Ena‘ena (Pseudognaphalium sandwicensium), Nohoanu (Geranium cuneatum ssp. hololeucum), and alpine tetramolopium (Tetramolopium humile ssp. humile var. humile); and
WHEREAS, of the 21 rare, threatened, or endangered moss and lichen species found on the summit of Mauna Kea, at least half of the lichen species are endemic and two of which, Pseudephebepubescens and Umbilicaria pacifica, are limited to Mauna Kea alone and are new to science; and
WHEREAS, Mauna Kea sits atop five aquifer systems that provide
water throughout Hawai‘i Island and there has been no
comprehensive hydrological study of the summit to date; and
WHEREAS, the Mauna Kea summit area is comprised of Hawaiian
Kingdom Crown and Government lands also known as Ceded Lands, which are now
part of the public land trust and subject to the public trust doctrine set
forth in Article XI, Section 1 of the Hawaii Constitution, which holds public
land use above that of private development; and
WHEREAS, Native Hawaiians have unrelinquished and undivided
ownership interest in the summit of Mauna Kea and have additional special
customary and traditional rights to practice on and access the summit; and
WHEREAS, Article XII, section 7 of the Hawaii Constitution gives
the State a duty to "protect all rights, customarily and traditionally
exercised for subsistence, cultural and religious purposes" by the
Hawaiian people; and
WHEREAS, new development, construction, and other use of ground-disturbing machines may harm sacred sites
and impede Native Hawaiian rights to access the Mauna Kea summit for
traditional, customary, and subsistence purposes; and
WHEREAS, section 13-5-30(c)(4), Hawaii Administrative Rules,
prohibits a proposed land use in the conservation district that will cause a
substantial adverse impact to existing natural and cultural resources
especially in the 525 acres of the "Astronomy Precinct" located on
the summit of Mauna Kea; and
WHEREAS, the State has created a
management framework that protects conservation land against further
degradation regardless if the lands have already been adversely affected in the
past pursuant to administrative rules, but that has not protected the summit of
Mauna Kea from the threat of future adverse impacts consequent to new
development; and
WHEREAS, any future adverse impacts consequent to new
development on the Mauna Kea summit will put these rare and endangered plants,
animals, and arthropods, fragile ecological environments, and sacred sites on
Mauna Kea at risk; and
WHEREAS, destruction of specific and subtle features of the
terrestrial environment found on the Mauna Kea summit may lead to reduced populations
of unique, rare, or endangered organisms; and
WHEREAS, there is a high risk of invasive plants and animals
migrating to the summit and surrounding areas if there is new development,
which would endanger endemic organisms; and
WHEREAS, continued research leading to a detailed understanding of these life forms is necessary for establishing conservation parameters; now, therefore,
BE IT RESOLVED by the House of Representatives of the Thirtieth Legislature of the State of Hawaii, Regular Session of 2019, the Senate concurring, that the Department of Land and Natural Resources is requested to provide additional protections to the Mauna Kea summit from 6,000 feet (Saddle Road) to 13,796 feet above sea level due to its environmental significance and cultural importance to the Native Hawaiian people; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Department of Land and Natural Resources is requested to prohibit new development on the Mauna Kea summit because such development would adversely affect the fragile cultural and natural resources of the summit of Mauna Kea and would violate the State's constitutional obligation to protect the public trust, natural resources, and Native Hawaiian customary and traditional rights; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that certified copies of this Concurrent Resolution be transmitted to the Governor, the Director of the Office of Mauna Kea Management, University of Hawai‘i President, University of Hawai‘i Board of Regents, Chairperson of the Board of Land and Natural Resources, and Chairman of the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands.
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OFFERED BY: |
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Mauna Kea Summit; DLNR; Conservation
