Bill Text: MI SB0428 | 2023-2024 | 102nd Legislature | Chaptered
Bill Title: Juveniles: other; juvenile fines, fees, and costs; eliminate. Amends secs. 2f, 18, 28 & 29, ch. XIIA of 1939 PA 288 (MCL 712A.2f et seq.); adds sec. 29a to ch. XIIA & repeals sec. 18m, ch. XIIA of 1939 PA 288 (MCL 712A.18m). TIE BAR WITH: SB 0421'23, SB 0429'23, HB 4628'23, HB 4633'23, HB 4636'23, HB 4637'23
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 7-0)
Status: (Passed) 2023-12-29 - Assigned Pa 0301'23 [SB0428 Detail]
Download: Michigan-2023-SB0428-Chaptered.html
Act No. 301
Public Acts of 2023
Approved by the Governor
December 12, 2023
Filed with the Secretary of State
December 13, 2023
EFFECTIVE DATE: October 1, 2024
state of michigan
102nd Legislature
Regular session of 2023
Introduced by Senators Chang, Santana, Irwin, Bayer, Shink, Wojno and Geiss
ENROLLED SENATE BILL No. 428
AN ACT to amend 1939 PA 288, entitled “An act to revise and consolidate the statutes relating to certain aspects of the family division of circuit court, to the jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the family division of circuit court and its judges and other officers, to the change of name of adults and children, and to the adoption of adults and children; to prescribe certain jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the family division of circuit court and its judges and other officers; to prescribe the manner and time within which certain actions and proceedings may be brought in the family division of the circuit court; to prescribe pleading, evidence, practice, and procedure in certain actions and proceedings in the family division of circuit court; to provide for appeals from certain actions in the family division of circuit court; to prescribe the powers and duties of certain state departments, agencies, and officers; to provide for certain immunity from liability; and to provide remedies and penalties,” by amending sections 2f, 18, 28, and 29 of chapter XIIA (MCL 712A.2f, 712A.18, 712A.28, and 712A.29), section 2f as added by 2016 PA 185, section 18 as amended by 2022 PA 209, section 28 as amended by 2020 PA 362, and section 29 as amended by 2003 PA 74, and by adding section 29a to chapter XIIA; and to repeal acts and parts of acts.
The People of the State of Michigan enact:
CHAPTER XIIA
Sec. 2f. (1) Subject to subsection (2), if the court determines that formal jurisdiction should not be acquired over a juvenile, the court may proceed in an informal manner referred to as a consent calendar. The court shall not consider restitution when determining if the case should be placed on the consent calendar under this section.
(2) A case must not be placed on the consent calendar unless all of the following apply:
(a) The juvenile and the parent, guardian, or legal custodian and the prosecutor agree to have the case placed on the consent calendar.
(b) The court considers the results of the risk screening tool and mental health screening tool conducted on the juvenile by a designated individual or agency that is trained in those screening tools.
(c) The court determines that the case should proceed on the consent calendar in compliance with section 11(1) of this chapter.
(3) A risk screening tool and a mental health screening tool under subsection (2) must meet both of the following requirements:
(a) Be research based and nationally validated for use with juveniles.
(b) Comply with the guidelines created under subsection (4).
(4) The state court administrative office, under the
supervision and direction of the supreme court, shall create guidelines on the
use of risk screening tools and mental health screening tools described in
subsection (2).
(5) Subject to subsection (2), the court may transfer a case from the formal calendar to the consent calendar at any time before disposition. A case involving the alleged commission of an offense as that term is defined in section 31 of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.781, must only be placed on the consent calendar upon compliance with the procedures set forth in section 36b of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.786b.
(6) After a case is placed on the consent calendar, the prosecutor shall provide the victim with notice as required by article 2 of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.781 to 780.802.
(7) Consent calendar cases must be maintained in the following nonpublic manner:
(a) Access to consent calendar case records must be provided to the juvenile, the juvenile’s parents, guardian, or legal custodian, the guardian ad litem, counsel for the juvenile, the department of health and human services if related to an investigation of neglect and abuse, law enforcement personnel, prosecutor, and other courts. However, consent calendar case records must not be disclosed to federal agencies or military recruiters. As used in this subdivision, “case records” includes the pleadings, motions, authorized petitions, notices, memoranda, briefs, exhibits, available transcripts, findings of the court, register of actions, consent calendar case plan, risk screening tool and mental health screening tool results, and court orders related to the case placed on the consent calendar.
(b) The contents of the confidential file must continue to be maintained confidentially. As used in this subdivision, “confidential file” means that term as defined in MCR 3.903.
(c) A risk screening tool and a mental health screening tool conducted as part of a proceeding under this section and any information obtained from a juvenile in the course of those screenings or provided by the juvenile in order to participate in a consent calendar case plan, including, but not limited to, any admission, confession, or incriminating evidence, are not admissible into evidence in any adjudicatory hearing in which the juvenile is accused and are not subject to subpoena or any other court process for use in any other proceeding or for any other purpose.
(8) The court shall conduct a consent calendar conference with the juvenile, the juvenile’s attorney, if any, and the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian to discuss the allegations. The prosecuting attorney and victim may be, but are not required to be, present.
(9) If it appears to the court that the juvenile has engaged in conduct that would subject the juvenile to the jurisdiction of the court, the court shall issue a written consent calendar case plan. All of the following apply to a consent calendar case plan:
(a) The plan must include a requirement that the juvenile pay restitution under the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.751 to 780.834. The court shall not order the juvenile or the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian to pay for fees or costs associated with consent calendar services.
(b) A consent calendar case plan must not contain a provision removing the juvenile from the custody of the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian.
(c) The period for a juvenile to complete the terms of a consent calendar case plan must not exceed 3 months, unless the court determines that a longer period is needed for the juvenile to complete a specific treatment program and includes this determination as part of the consent calendar case record.
(d) The consent calendar case plan is not an order of the court, but must be included as a part of the case record.
(e) Violation of the terms of the consent calendar case plan may result in the court’s returning the case to the formal calendar for further proceedings consistent with subsection (12).
(10) The court shall not enter an order of disposition in a case while it is on the consent calendar.
(11) Upon the juvenile’s successful completion of the consent calendar case plan, the court shall close the case and shall destroy all records of the proceeding in accordance with the records management policies and procedures of the state court administrative office, established in accordance with supreme court rules.
(12) If it appears to the court at any time that proceeding on the consent calendar is not in the best interest of either the juvenile or the public, the court shall proceed as follows:
(a) If the court did not authorize the original petition, the court may, without hearing, transfer the case from the consent calendar to the formal calendar on the charges contained in the original petition to determine whether the petition should be authorized.
(b) If the court authorized the original
petition, the court may transfer the case from the consent calendar to the
formal calendar on the charges contained in the original petition only after a
hearing. After transfer to the formal calendar, the court shall proceed with
the case from where it left off before being placed on the consent calendar.
(13) Statements made by the juvenile during the proceeding on the consent calendar must not be used against the juvenile at a trial on the formal calendar on the same charge.
(14) Upon a judicial determination that the juvenile has completed the terms of the consent calendar case plan, the court shall report the successful completion of the consent calendar to the juvenile and the department of state police. The department of state police shall maintain a nonpublic record of the case. This record is open to the courts of this state, another state, or the United States, the department of corrections, law enforcement personnel, and prosecutors for use only in the performance of their duties or to determine whether an employee of the court, department, law enforcement agency, or prosecutor’s office has violated conditions of employment or whether an applicant meets criteria for employment with the court, department, law enforcement agency, or prosecutor’s office.
Sec. 18. (1) If the court finds that a juvenile concerning whom a petition is filed is not within this chapter, the court shall enter an order dismissing the petition. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (8) and subject to subsection (9), if the court finds that a juvenile is within this chapter, the court shall order the juvenile returned to the juvenile’s parent if the return of the juvenile to the juvenile’s parent would not cause a substantial risk of harm to the juvenile or society. Subject to subsection (9), the court may also enter any of the following orders of disposition that are appropriate for the welfare of the juvenile and society in view of the facts proven and ascertained:
(a) Warn the juvenile or the juvenile’s parents, guardian, or custodian and, except as provided in subsection (5), dismiss the petition.
(b) Place the juvenile on probation, or under supervision in the juvenile’s own home or in the home of an adult who is related to the juvenile. As used in this subdivision, “related” means a relative as that term is defined in section 13a of this chapter. The court shall order the terms and conditions of probation or supervision, including reasonable rules for the conduct of the parents, guardian, or custodian, if any, as the court determines necessary for the physical, mental, or moral well-being and behavior of the juvenile. The court may order that the juvenile participate in a juvenile drug treatment court under chapter 10A of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600.1060 to 600.1088.
(c) If a juvenile is within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a) of this chapter, or under section 2(h) of this chapter for a supplemental petition, place the juvenile in a suitable foster care home subject to the court’s supervision. If a juvenile is within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(b) of this chapter, the court shall not place a juvenile in a foster care home subject to the court’s supervision.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, place the juvenile in or commit the juvenile to a private institution or agency approved or licensed by the department’s division of child welfare licensing for the care of juveniles of similar age, sex, and characteristics. If the juvenile is not a ward of the court, the court shall commit the juvenile to the department or, if the county is a county juvenile agency, to that county juvenile agency for placement in or commitment to an institution or agency as the department or county juvenile agency determines is most appropriate, subject to any initial level of placement the court designates.
(e) Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, commit the juvenile to a public institution, county facility, institution operated as an agency of the court or county, or agency authorized by law to receive juveniles of similar age, sex, and characteristics. If the juvenile is not a ward of the court, the court shall commit the juvenile to the department or, if the county is a county juvenile agency, to that county juvenile agency for placement in or commitment to an institution or facility as the department or county juvenile agency determines is most appropriate, subject to any initial level of placement the court designates. In a placement under subdivision (d) or a commitment under this subdivision, except to a state institution or a county juvenile agency, the juvenile’s religious affiliation must be protected by placement or commitment to a private child placing or child caring agency or institution, if available.
(f) Provide the juvenile with medical, dental, surgical, or other health care, in a local hospital if available, or elsewhere, maintaining as much as possible a local physician-patient relationship, and with clothing and other incidental items the court determines are necessary.
(g) Order the parents, guardian, custodian, or any other person to refrain from continuing conduct that the court determines has caused or tended to cause the juvenile to come within or to remain under this chapter or that obstructs placement or commitment of the juvenile by an order under this section.
(h) Appoint a guardian under section 5204 of the estates and protected individuals code, 1998 PA 386, MCL 700.5204, in response to a petition filed with the court by a person interested in the juvenile’s welfare. If the court appoints a guardian as authorized by this subdivision, it may dismiss the petition under this chapter.
(i) Order the juvenile to engage in community service. The
court shall not order the juvenile or the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal
custodian to pay for fees or costs associated with
community service.
(j) The court shall not order the juvenile or the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian to pay fines associated with a violation of a municipal ordinance or a state or federal law if another disposition under this section has been ordered.
(k) If the court finds that the juvenile has violated a court order under section 2(a)(2) to (4) of this chapter, order the juvenile to be placed in a secure facility. A court order under this subdivision must state all of the following:
(i) The court order the juvenile violated.
(ii) The factual basis for determining that there was reasonable cause to believe that the juvenile violated the court order.
(iii) The court’s finding of fact to support a determination that there is no appropriate less restrictive alternative placement available considering the best interests of the juvenile.
(iv) The length of time, not to exceed 7 days, that the juvenile may remain in the secure facility and the plan for the juvenile’s release from the facility.
(v) That the order may not be renewed or extended.
(l) For a second or subsequent violation of a court order under section 2(a)(2) to (4) of this chapter, issue a second or subsequent order under subdivision (k), but only if the court finds both of the following:
(i) The juvenile violated a court order after the date that the court issued the first order under subdivision (k).
(ii) The court has procedures in place to ensure that a juvenile held in a secure facility by a court order is not in custody more than 7 days or the length of time authorized by the court, whichever is shorter.
(m) If a juvenile is within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) of this chapter, order the juvenile’s parent or guardian to personally participate in treatment reasonably available in the parent’s or guardian’s location.
(n) If a juvenile is within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) of this chapter, place the juvenile in and order the juvenile to complete satisfactorily a program of training in a juvenile boot camp established by the department under the juvenile boot camp act, 1996 PA 263, MCL 400.1301 to 400.1309, as provided in that act. If the county is a county juvenile agency, the court shall commit the juvenile to that county juvenile agency for placement in the program under that act. Upon receiving a report of satisfactory completion of the program from the department, the court shall authorize the juvenile’s release from placement in the juvenile boot camp. Following satisfactory completion of the juvenile boot camp program, the juvenile shall complete an additional period of not less than 120 days or more than 180 days of intensive supervised community reintegration in the juvenile’s local community. To place or commit a juvenile under this subdivision, the court shall determine all of the following:
(i) Placement in a juvenile boot camp will benefit the juvenile.
(ii) The juvenile is physically able to participate in the program.
(iii) The juvenile does not appear to have any mental handicap that would prevent participation in the program.
(iv) The juvenile will not be a danger to other juveniles in the boot camp.
(v) There is an opening in a juvenile boot camp program.
(vi) If the court must commit the juvenile to a county juvenile agency, the county juvenile agency is able to place the juvenile in a juvenile boot camp program.
(o) If the court entered a judgment of conviction under section 2d of this chapter, enter any disposition under this section or, if the court determines that the best interests of the public would be served, impose any sentence upon the juvenile that could be imposed upon an adult convicted of the offense for which the juvenile was convicted. If the juvenile is convicted of a violation or conspiracy to commit a violation of section 7403(2)(a)(i) of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.7403, the court may impose the alternative sentence permitted under that section if the court determines that the best interests of the public would be served. The court may delay imposing a sentence of imprisonment under this subdivision for a period not longer than the period during which the court has jurisdiction over the juvenile under this chapter by entering an order of disposition delaying imposition of sentence and placing the juvenile on probation upon the terms and conditions it considers appropriate, including any disposition under this section. If the court delays imposing sentence under this section, section 18i of this chapter applies. If the court imposes sentence, it shall enter a judgment of sentence. If the court imposes a sentence of imprisonment, the juvenile shall receive credit against the sentence for time served before sentencing. In determining whether to enter an order of disposition or impose a sentence under this subdivision, the court shall consider all of the following factors, giving greater weight to the seriousness of the offense and the juvenile’s prior record:
(i) The seriousness of the offense in terms
of community protection, including, but not limited to, the existence of any
aggravating factors recognized by the sentencing guidelines, the use of a
firearm or other dangerous weapon, and the impact on any victim.
(ii) The juvenile’s culpability in committing the offense, including, but not limited to, the level of the juvenile’s participation in planning and carrying out the offense and the existence of any aggravating or mitigating factors recognized by the sentencing guidelines.
(iii) The juvenile’s prior record of delinquency including, but not limited to, any record of detention, any police record, any school record, or any other evidence indicating prior delinquent behavior.
(iv) The juvenile’s programming history, including, but not limited to, the juvenile’s past willingness to participate meaningfully in available programming.
(v) The adequacy of the punishment or programming available in the juvenile justice system.
(vi) The dispositional options available for the juvenile.
(p) In a proceeding under section 2(b) or (c) of this chapter, if a juvenile is removed from the parent’s custody at any time, the court shall permit the juvenile’s parent to have regular and frequent parenting time with the juvenile. Parenting time between the juvenile and the juvenile’s parent must not be less than 1 time every 7 days unless the court determines either that exigent circumstances require less frequent parenting time or that parenting time, even if supervised, may be harmful to the juvenile’s life, physical health, or mental well-being. If the court determines that parenting time, even if supervised, may be harmful to the juvenile’s life, physical health, or mental well-being, the court may suspend parenting time until the risk of harm no longer exists. The court may order the juvenile to have a psychological evaluation or counseling, or both, to determine the appropriateness and the conditions of parenting time.
(2) Money collected for juveniles placed by the court with or committed to the department or a county juvenile agency must be accounted for and reported on an individual juvenile basis.
(3) The court shall not order a juvenile or a juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian to pay for the costs of care, services, court-appointed attorney representation, or other costs or assessments related to the juvenile’s court proceeding.
(4) An order directed to a parent or a person other than the juvenile is not effective and binding on the parent or other person unless opportunity for hearing is given by issuance of summons or notice as provided in sections 12 and 13 of this chapter and until a copy of the order, bearing the seal of the court, is served on the parent or other person as provided in section 13 of this chapter.
(5) If the court finds that a juvenile comes under section 30 of this chapter, the court shall order the juvenile or the juvenile’s parent to pay restitution as provided in sections 30 and 31 of this chapter and in sections 44 and 45 of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.794 and 780.795.
(6) If the court imposes restitution as a condition of probation, the court shall require the juvenile to do either of the following as an additional condition of probation:
(a) Engage in community service or, with the victim’s consent, perform services for the victim.
(b) Seek and maintain paid employment and pay restitution to the victim from the earnings of that employment.
(7) If the court finds that the juvenile is in intentional default of the payment of restitution, a court may, as provided in section 30 of this chapter, revoke or alter the terms and conditions of probation for nonpayment of restitution. If a juvenile who is ordered to engage in community service intentionally refuses to perform the required community service, the court may revoke or alter the terms and conditions of probation. The juvenile must not be placed outside of his or her home solely based on nonpayment of restitution or inability to perform community service.
(8) The court shall not enter an order of disposition for a juvenile offense as defined in section 1a of 1925 PA 289, MCL 28.241a, or a judgment of sentence for a conviction until the court has examined the court file and has determined that the juvenile’s biometric data have been collected and forwarded as required by section 3 of 1925 PA 289, MCL 28.243, and the juvenile’s fingerprints have been taken and forwarded as required by the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.721 to 28.730. If a juvenile’s biometric data have not been collected or a juvenile has not had the juvenile’s fingerprints taken, the court shall do either of the following:
(a) Order the juvenile to submit himself or herself to the police agency that arrested or obtained the warrant for the juvenile’s arrest so the juvenile’s biometric data can be collected and forwarded and the juvenile’s fingerprints can be taken and forwarded.
(b) Order the juvenile committed to the sheriff’s custody for collecting and forwarding the juvenile’s biometric data and taking and forwarding the juvenile’s fingerprints.
(9) A designated individual or agency shall conduct a risk and needs assessment for each juvenile before disposition. The following procedure applies to a risk and needs assessment conducted under this subsection:
(a) The results of the risk and needs assessment, and a
dispositional recommendation made by the designated individual or agency that
performed the risk and needs assessment, must be shared with the court and each
party to the proceeding, including the juvenile, counsel for the juvenile, and
the prosecuting attorney.
(b) The results of the risk and needs assessment must be used to inform a dispositional recommendation and to determine the most appropriate disposition for the juvenile considering all of the following factors:
(i) The least restrictive setting possible.
(ii) Public safety.
(iii) Victim interests.
(iv) Rehabilitation of the juvenile.
(v) Improved juvenile outcomes, including, but not limited to, educational advancement.
(10) The court shall consider the results of the risk and needs assessment conducted under subsection (9) when making a dispositional decision regarding a juvenile found within this chapter, including, but not limited to, any of the following decisions:
(a) Whether to place a juvenile under supervision, including the length, level, and conditions of this supervision.
(b) Whether to place a juvenile on probation.
(c) Whether to place a juvenile in out-of-home care.
(11) For the duration of each order of disposition for a juvenile found within this chapter, the court shall require a new risk and needs assessment for the juvenile, to be conducted, shared, and used in the same manner as described in subsection (9), if any of the following conditions occur:
(a) Six months have passed since the juvenile’s last risk and needs assessment.
(b) The juvenile experiences a major life event.
(c) There is a major change in the juvenile’s proceedings.
(12) A risk and needs assessment conducted under subsection (9) must meet both of the following requirements:
(a) Be research based and nationally validated for use with juveniles.
(b) Comply with the guidelines created under subsection (13).
(13) The state court administrative office, under the supervision and direction of the supreme court, shall create guidelines on the use of risk and needs assessments under this section.
(14) A designated individual or agency that conducts risk and needs assessments under subsection (9) must be trained on the appropriate use of the applicable risk and needs assessment selected by the court.
(15) A risk and needs assessment conducted as part of a proceeding under this section and any information obtained from a minor in the course of the assessment, including any admission, confession, or incriminating evidence, are not admissible into evidence in any adjudicatory hearing in which the minor is accused and are not subject to subpoena or any other court process for use in any other proceeding or for any other purpose.
(16) Upon final disposition, conviction, acquittal, or dismissal of an offense within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) of this chapter, using forms approved by the state court administrator, the clerk of the court entering the final disposition, conviction, acquittal, or dismissal shall immediately advise the department of state police of that final disposition, conviction, acquittal, or dismissal as required by section 3 of 1925 PA 289, MCL 28.243. The report to the department of state police must include information as to the finding of the judge or jury and a summary of the disposition or sentence imposed.
(17) If the court has entered an order of disposition or a judgment of conviction for a listed offense as that term is defined in section 2 of the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.722, the court, the department, or the county juvenile agency shall register the juvenile or accept the juvenile’s registration as provided in the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.721 to 28.730.
(18) If the court enters an order of disposition placing a
juvenile in a juvenile boot camp program, or committing a juvenile to a county
juvenile agency for placement in a juvenile boot camp program, and the court
receives from the department a report that the juvenile has failed to perform
satisfactorily in the program, that the juvenile does not meet the program’s
requirements or is medically unable to participate in the program for more than
25 days, that there is no opening in a juvenile boot camp program, or that
the county juvenile agency is unable to place the juvenile in a juvenile boot
camp program, the court shall release the juvenile from placement or commitment
and enter an alternative order of disposition. A juvenile must not be placed in
a juvenile boot camp under an order of disposition more than once, except that
a juvenile returned to the court for a medical condition, because there was no
opening in a juvenile boot camp program, or because the county juvenile agency
was unable to place the juvenile in a juvenile boot camp program may be placed
again in the juvenile boot camp program after the medical condition is
corrected, an opening becomes available, or the county juvenile agency is able
to place the juvenile.
(19) If the juvenile is within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) of this chapter for an offense other than a listed offense as that term is defined in section 2 of the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.722, the court shall determine if the offense is a violation of a law of this state or a local ordinance of a municipality of this state that by its nature constitutes a sexual offense against an individual who is less than 18 years of age. If so, the order of disposition is for a listed offense as that term is defined in section 2 of the sex offenders registration act, 1994 PA 295, MCL 28.722, and the court shall include the basis for that determination on the record and include the determination in the order of disposition.
(20) The court shall not impose a sentence of imprisonment in the county jail under subsection (1)(o) unless the present county jail facility for the juvenile’s imprisonment meets all requirements under federal law and regulations for housing juveniles. The court shall not impose the sentence until it consults with the sheriff to determine when the sentence will begin to ensure that space will be available for the juvenile.
(21) In a proceeding under section 2(h) of this chapter, this section only applies to a disposition for a violation of a personal protection order and subsequent proceedings.
Sec. 28. (1) Before June 1, 1988, the court shall maintain records of all cases brought before it and as provided in the juvenile diversion act. The records are open only by court order to persons having a legitimate interest, except that diversion records are open only as provided in the juvenile diversion act.
(2) Beginning June 1, 1988, the court shall maintain records of all cases brought before it and as provided in the juvenile diversion act. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, until December 31, 2020, records of a case brought before the court are open to the general public. Diversion records are open only as provided in the juvenile diversion act. Except as otherwise provided in section 49 of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.799, if the hearing of a case brought before the court is closed under section 17 of this chapter, the records of that hearing are open only by court order to persons having a legitimate interest.
(3) Beginning January 1, 2021, except as otherwise provided, records of a case brought before the court are not open to the general public and are open only to persons having a legitimate interest. Diversion records are open only as provided in the juvenile diversion act. Except as otherwise provided in section 49 of the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.799, if the hearing of a case brought before the court is closed under section 17 of this chapter, the records of that hearing are open only by court order to persons having a legitimate interest.
(4) Action taken against parents or adults must not be released for publicity unless the parents or adults are found guilty of contempt of court. The court shall furnish the department and a county juvenile agency with reports of the administration of the court in a form recommended by the Michigan Probate Judges Association. Copies of these reports must, upon request, be made available to other state departments by the department.
(5) As used in this section:
(a) “Child placing agency” means that term as defined in section 1 of 1973 PA 116, MCL 722.111.
(b) “Indian child” and “Indian child’s tribe” mean those terms as defined in section 3 of the Michigan Indian family preservation act, chapter XIIB of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712B.3.
(c) “Juvenile diversion act” means the juvenile diversion act, 1988 PA 13, MCL 722.821 to 722.831.
(d) “Persons having a legitimate interest” includes, but is not limited to, the juvenile, the juvenile’s parent, the juvenile’s guardian or legal custodian, the juvenile’s guardian ad litem, counsel for the juvenile, the department or a licensed child caring institution or child placing agency under contract with the department to provide for the juvenile’s care and supervision if related to an investigation of child neglect or child abuse, law enforcement personnel, a prosecutor, a member of a local foster care review board established under 1984 PA 422, MCL 722.131 to 722.139a, the Indian child’s tribe if the juvenile is an Indian child, and a court of this state.
Sec. 29. (1) If a child is subject to restitution or payments arising out of the same order of disposition, money collected from that child, or the child’s parent or parents, for the payment of restitution or other payments must be allocated as provided in this section.
(2) If a child is subject to payment of crime victim payments or other payments, 100% of the money collected from that child, or the child’s parent or parents, must first be applied to the payment of restitution to a victim or victim’s estate before the balance can be applied to assessments to the crime victim rights fund.
(3) As used in this section, “crime victim payment” means
restitution ordered under sections 30 and 31 of this chapter and under the William Van Regenmorter crime victim’s
rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.751 to 780.834, paid to the victim or the victim’s
estate, but not to a person who reimbursed the victim for his or her loss.
Crime victim payment also includes assessments to the crime victim rights fund ordered
under section 5 of 1989 PA 196, MCL 780.905.
Sec. 29a. (1) The court shall not order a juvenile within the court’s jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) or (f) of this chapter or the juvenile’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian to reimburse the court for any fine, fees, or costs related to the juvenile’s court case.
(2) Beginning October 1, 2024, the court shall not collect the balance of any court-ordered fines, fees, or costs previously assessed to a juvenile under section 29 of this chapter, or former section 18m of this chapter, and only the portion of any court order that imposed those fines, fees, or costs is vacated and unenforceable.
Enacting section 1. Section 18m of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18m, is repealed.
Enacting section 2. This amendatory act takes effect October 1, 2024.
Enacting section 3. This amendatory act does not take effect unless all of the following bills of the 102nd Legislature are enacted into law:
(a) Senate Bill No. 421.
(b) Senate Bill No. 429.
(c) House Bill No. 4628.
(d) House Bill No. 4633.
(e) House Bill No. 4636.
Secretary of the Senate
Clerk of the House of Representatives
Approved___________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Governor
