Bill Text: NY A03353 | 2023-2024 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Establishes the "tenant opportunity to purchase act"; prevents the displacement of lower-income tenants in New York and preserves affordable housing by providing an opportunity for tenants to own or remain renters in the properties in which they reside.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 50-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2024-01-03 - referred to housing [A03353 Detail]
Download: New_York-2023-A03353-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 3353 2023-2024 Regular Sessions IN ASSEMBLY February 2, 2023 ___________ Introduced by M. of A. MITAYNES, CLARK, FORREST, MAMDANI, ANDERSON, GALLAGHER, SEAWRIGHT, EPSTEIN, CARROLL, REYES, AUBRY, JACKSON, SIMON, L. ROSENTHAL, MEEKS, KELLES, GONZALEZ-ROJAS, BRONSON, COLTON, FAHY, BURGOS, STECK, DINOWITZ, GIBBS, DE LOS SANTOS, CUNNINGHAM, TAYLOR, CRUZ, SHRESTHA -- read once and referred to the Committee on Housing AN ACT to amend the real property actions and proceedings law, in relation to establishing the tenant opportunity to purchase act The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as 2 the "tenant opportunity to purchase act". 3 § 2. Legislative findings. The legislature finds that there is a 4 significant unmet need for affordable housing for low-income people and 5 families. Almost half of all New York State tenants -- in both urban and 6 suburban areas -- are rent-burdened. In the Hudson Valley and the South- 7 ern Tier, and in non-municipal Green and Suffolk counties, more than 60% 8 of New Yorkers are paying over 30% of their income toward rent. More- 9 over, between 2012 and 2017, New York State lost more than 160,000 10 affordable rental homes, almost 55,000 of them outside of New York City, 11 Westchester and Long Island. This has led to an increase in an already 12 escalating homelessness crisis. According to HUD's 2019 Point in Time 13 Estimate, approximately 79,000 people were homeless in New York State. 14 The legislature recognizes that New York's rental housing market has 15 become even more threatened by the outbreak of novel coronavirus, 16 COVID-19, which, as of the date of this legislation, created destabi- 17 lized housing, loss of employment and income, closure of business and 18 schools and financial insecurity in the state of New York. The legisla- 19 ture finds that the loss of employment, illness and deaths caused by the 20 COVID-19 outbreak have rendered many individuals and families unable to 21 pay for the costs of housing and other life necessities. U.S. Census' 22 Household Pulse survey shows that in the last week of May 2020, 29% of EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [] is old law to be omitted. LBD01986-01-3A. 3353 2 1 all NYS tenants showed little to no confidence in being able to make 2 their June rent payment. The share was higher among Black tenants (41%), 3 Latinx tenants (41%) and tenants earning less than $50K (34%). 4 The legislature finds that the sudden decline in rent payments as a 5 result of COVID-19--particularly on properties overloaded with debt -- 6 coupled with the ensuing economic recession will lead to evictions and 7 speculation, resulting in the loss of vital and irreplaceable affordable 8 housing as well as the decline in affordable community-ownership and 9 home-ownership opportunities for New Yorkers. This was evident in the 10 Great Recession of 2008. Before and in the immediate aftermath of that 11 crisis, multinational private equity firms had access to capital and 12 low-interest rates at a time when many New Yorkers were losing employ- 13 ment and income. With that uneven access, they were able to enter a 14 modest and localized multi-family rental market, purchasing 100,000 15 units in New York City alone, which represented 10% of all rent-regulat- 16 ed housing. Only a few years after the crisis, between 2014 and 2017, 17 rents for vacant units increased 29.9% above inflation, exacerbating an 18 existing housing and homelessness crisis and displacing tenants in crit- 19 ical need of affordable housing. 20 The legislature further finds that in order to prevent increased 21 displacement of lower-income tenants and preserve New York's affordable 22 housing market, it is necessary and appropriate to require that, in the 23 cases defined herein, owners of rental properties in the State offer 24 tenants the first opportunity to purchase and qualified purchasers the 25 second opportunity to purchase the property before it may be sold on the 26 market to a third-party purchaser. 27 The legislature further finds that such action is necessary in order 28 to prevent exactions of unjust, unreasonable and oppressive rental 29 agreements and evictions, and to forestall profiteering, speculation and 30 other disruptive practices tending to produce further threats to public 31 health; that the normal market of free bargaining between landlord and 32 tenant, while still the objective of state policy, must be administered 33 with due regard for the uncertainty, hardship and dislocation caused by 34 the current health, housing and unemployment crises. 35 The legislature therefore declares that the provisions of this act are 36 necessary and designed to protect the public health, safety and general 37 welfare of New Yorkers, as well as the economic stability and viability 38 of neighborhoods. 39 § 3. The real property actions and proceedings law is amended by 40 adding a new article 7-D to read as follows: 41 ARTICLE 7-D 42 TENANT OPPORTUNITY TO PURCHASE ACT 43 Section 799. Definitions. 44 799-a. Authority. 45 799-b. Applicability. 46 799-c. Exemptions. 47 799-d. First right to purchase. 48 799-e. Tenant decision-making; tenant organizations. 49 799-f. Qualified purchasers. 50 799-g. Supportive partners. 51 799-h. Assignment of rights. 52 799-i. Waiver of rights. 53 799-j. Notice requirements. 54 799-k. Right of first offer. 55 799-l. Right of first refusal. 56 799-m. Third-party rights.A. 3353 3 1 799-n. Right to appraisal. 2 799-o. Purchase contract negotiation. 3 799-p. No selling of rights. 4 799-q. Tenant protections. 5 799-r. Price stabilization. 6 799-s. Incentives. 7 799-t. Enforcement. 8 799-u. Statutory construction. 9 799-v. Administration and reports. 10 799-w. Severability. 11 § 799. Definitions. For the purposes of this article, the following 12 terms shall have the following meanings: 13 1. "AMI" or "area median income" means area median income established 14 by the U.S. department of housing and urban development (HUD), pursuant 15 to 42 U.S.C. § 1427 et seq., to establish local income classification 16 levels. 17 2. "Appraised value" means the value of the rental housing accommo- 18 dation as of the date of the appraisal, based on an objective, independ- 19 ent property valuation, performed according to professional appraisal 20 industry standards. 21 3. "Bona fide offer of sale" means an offer of sale for a rental hous- 22 ing accommodation that is either: 23 (a) For a price and other material terms at least as favorable to a 24 tenant, tenant organization, and qualified purchaser as those that the 25 owner has offered, accepted, or is considering offering or accepting, 26 from a purchaser in an arm's length third-party purchase contract; or 27 (b) In the absence of an arm's length third-party purchase contract, 28 an offer of sale containing a sales price less than or equal to a price 29 and other material terms comparable to that at which a willing seller 30 and a willing buyer would sell and purchase the rental housing accommo- 31 dation, or an appraised value. 32 4. "CPI" or "consumer price index" means the consumer price index 33 published by the United States department of labor, bureau of labor 34 statistics for the northeast census region. If publication of the 35 consumer price index ceases, or if it is otherwise unavailable or is 36 altered in a way as to be unusable, HCR shall determine the use of an 37 appropriate substitute index published by the United States department 38 of labor, bureau of labor statistics or any successor agency. 39 5. "Community land trust" means a nonprofit corporation organized 40 pursuant to section 501 (c) (3) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code that 41 satisfies all of the following criteria: 42 (a) Such nonprofit corporation's primary purpose is the creation and 43 maintenance of permanently affordable single-family or multifamily resi- 44 dences; 45 (b) All dwellings and units on the land owned by the nonprofit corpo- 46 ration are sold to a qualified owner to be occupied as the qualified 47 owner's primary residence or rented to persons and families of low 48 income as defined in subdivision ten of section twelve of the private 49 housing finance law; and 50 (c) The land owned by the nonprofit corporation, on which a dwelling 51 or unit sold to a qualified owner is situated, is leased by such corpo- 52 ration to the qualified owner for the convenient occupation and use of 53 such dwelling or unit for a renewable term of ninety-nine years. 54 5-a. "Days" shall mean business days unless otherwise indicated.A. 3353 4 1 6. "Governing document" means a constitution, articles, bylaws, oper- 2 ating agreement, or other writings that govern the purpose and operation 3 of a tenant organization and the rights and obligations of its members, 4 which shall include provisions on the tenant organization's decision- 5 making processes and appointing officers and other authorized agents to 6 act on its behalf. 7 7. "Governing principles" means the governance and management princi- 8 ples stated in a tenant organization's governing documents. 9 8. "HCR" means New York state homes and community renewal, or its 10 successor agency. 11 9. "Highest and best use" means the reasonably probable legal use of a 12 property that is physically possible, appropriately supported, and 13 financially feasible and that results in the highest value of the prop- 14 erty. 15 10. "Limited equity housing cooperative" means a limited equity coop- 16 erative organized as a nonprofit housing development fund company pursu- 17 ant to article eleven of the private housing finance law. 18 11. "Majority" means an affirmative vote of more than fifty percent 19 required for decision-making under this article. 20 12. "Matter-of-right" means a land use, development density, or struc- 21 tural dimension to which a property owner is entitled by current zoning 22 regulations or law. 23 13. "Owner" means one or more persons, corporation, partnership, 24 limited liability company, trustee, or any other entity, who is the 25 owner of record of a rental housing accommodation at the time of giving 26 notice of intention to sell, and each person, corporation, partnership, 27 limited liability company, trustee, or any other entity, who, directly 28 or indirectly, owns fifty percent or more of the equity interests in 29 such rental housing accommodation at the time of giving notice of inten- 30 tion to sell. For purposes of complying with the notice requirements 31 described in this article, "owner" may refer to any person acting as an 32 authorized agent of the owner. 33 14. "Permanent affordability" means that future rents and future sales 34 prices of a rental housing accommodation, or separate ownership inter- 35 ests in such rental housing accommodation, shall be made affordable to 36 households with targeted income levels. 37 15. "Purchase contract", a binding written agreement whereby an owner 38 agrees to sell property including, without limitation, a purchase and 39 sale agreement, contract of sale, purchase option or other similar 40 instrument. 41 16. "Qualified purchaser" means a qualified purchaser meeting the 42 criteria described in section seven hundred ninety-nine-f of this arti- 43 cle. 44 17. "Rent" shall have the same meaning as in section seven hundred two 45 of this chapter. 46 18. "Rental agreement" means an agreement, oral, written or implied, 47 between an owner and a tenant for use or occupancy of a unit and for 48 housing services. 49 19. "Rental housing accommodation" means any real property, including 50 the land appurtenant thereto, containing one or more rental units and 51 located in New York state. 52 20. "Rental unit" or "unit" means any unit in any real property, 53 including the land appurtenant thereto, that is available for rent for 54 residential use or occupancy, located in New York state, together with 55 all housing services connected with the use or occupancy of such proper-A. 3353 5 1 ty such as common areas and recreational facilities held out for use by 2 the tenant. 3 21. "Sale" or "sell" means the transfer, in exchange for money or any 4 other thing of economic value, of a present interest in the rental hous- 5 ing accommodation, including beneficial use, where the value of the 6 present interest is the fee interest in the rental housing accommo- 7 dation, or substantially equal to the value of that fee interest. For 8 purposes of this definition, a "transfer" may include those completed in 9 one transaction or a series of transactions over a period of time. 10 22. "Single family home" means any rental housing accommodation 11 comprised of no more than one rental unit, whether or not the rental 12 unit has one or more tenant households. A single family home shall 13 include a condominium dwelling. 14 23. "Supportive partner" means a "supportive partner" meeting the 15 criteria set forth in section seven hundred ninety-nine-g of this arti- 16 cle. 17 24. "Tenant" means one or more renter, tenant, subtenant, lessee, sub 18 lessee, or other person entitled to the possession, occupancy, or bene- 19 fits of a rental unit within a rental housing accommodation. "Tenant" 20 shall not include transient guests who use or occupy a unit for less 21 than fourteen consecutive days. 22 25. "Tenant household" means one or more tenants, whether or not 23 related by blood, marriage or adoption, sharing a dwelling unit in a 24 living arrangement usually characterized by sharing living expenses, 25 such as rent or mortgage payments, food costs and utilities, as well as 26 maintaining a single lease or rental agreement for all members of the 27 household and other similar characteristics indicative of a single 28 household. 29 26. "Tenant-occupied unit" means any rental unit currently occupied by 30 one or more tenants. 31 27. "Tenant organization" means tenants who have organized themselves 32 as a legal entity that: 33 (a) Can acquire an interest in real property; 34 (b) Represents at least a majority of the tenant-occupied rental units 35 in a rental housing accommodation as of the date of the owner's notice 36 of intent to sell pursuant to section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of 37 this article; 38 (c) Has adopted a governing document and governing principles; and 39 (d) Has appointed officers and any other authorized agents specif- 40 ically designated to execute contracts or act on its behalf. 41 28. "Third-party purchaser" means any person or entity other than a 42 tenant, tenant organization, or qualified purchaser, engaged or seeking 43 to engage, in purchasing a rental housing accommodation from an owner 44 under this article. 45 29. "TOPA buyer" means a tenant, tenant organization, or qualified 46 purchaser that is purchasing or has purchased a rental housing accommo- 47 dation from an owner under this article. 48 30. "Under threat of eminent domain" refers to the commencement of the 49 process of eminent domain, including but not limited to, any formal or 50 informal contact with the owner by the government or government agents 51 regarding the potential or ongoing assertion of eminent domain, and any 52 hearings or court proceedings regarding the same. 53 § 799-a. Authority. HCR and their designees shall be authorized to 54 enforce the provisions of this article, and for such purposes, shall 55 have the powers of a law enforcement officer. HCR shall be authorized to 56 establish standards, policies, and procedures for the implementation ofA. 3353 6 1 the provisions of this article to further the purpose set forth in this 2 article. 3 § 799-b. Applicability. TOPA shall apply to all rental housing accom- 4 modations unless otherwise exempted by this article. 5 § 799-c. Exemptions. 1. Residential property types exempted. The 6 following residential properties shall not be considered covered proper- 7 ties for purposes of this article: 8 (a) Properties owned by the municipal, state, or federal governments. 9 (b) Properties owned by and operated as a hospital, convent, monas- 10 tery, extended care facility, convalescent home, or dormitories owned by 11 educational institutions. 12 (c) Single-unit properties that are not owned by a corporation or a 13 limited liability company in which at least one member is a corporation. 14 (d) Properties properly licensed as a hotel or motel. 15 (e) Residential properties that an owner is refinancing in order to 16 maintain ownership of such properties. 17 (f) Multiple dwelling units or groups of multiple dwelling units 18 managed together under the same private ownership in which the majority 19 of dwelling units therein that will continue to be subject to federal, 20 state, or city income eligibility restrictions and in which rents for 21 such dwelling units are controlled, regulated, or assisted by a federal, 22 state, or city agency pursuant to a regulatory agreement or rental 23 assistance agreement designed to make such dwelling units affordable on 24 a project-based basis. Assisted rental housing programs shall include: 25 (i) any program created, administered, or supervised by the city or 26 state under article two, four, or eleven of the private housing finance 27 law, but shall not include any multiple dwelling owned or operated by a 28 company organized under article two or four of the private housing 29 finance law that was occupied prior to January first, nineteen hundred 30 seventy-four; 31 (ii) any program providing project-based assistance under section 32 eight of the United States housing act of 1937, as amended; and 33 (iii) housing programs governed by sections 202, 207, 221, 232, 236, 34 or 811 of the federal national housing act, 12 U.S.C. 1701 et seq., as 35 amended. 36 2. Transfers exempted. The following transfers shall be exempted for 37 the purposes of this article: 38 (a) An inter-vivos transfer, even when transferred in exchange for 39 consideration, between spouses, domestic partners, parent and child, 40 siblings, grandparent and grandchild. 41 (b) A transfer for consideration, by a decedent's estate to members of 42 the decedent's family if the consideration arising from the transfer 43 will pass from the decedent's estate to, or solely for the benefit of, 44 charity. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term "members of the 45 decedent's family" shall include: 46 (i) A spouse, domestic partner, parent, child, grandparent, grand- 47 child; and 48 (ii) A trust for the primary benefit of a spouse, domestic partner, 49 parent, child, grandparent, or grandchild. 50 (c) A transfer of bare legal title into a revocable trust, without 51 actual consideration for the transfer, where the transferor is the 52 current beneficiary of the trust. 53 (d) A transfer to a named beneficiary of a revocable trust by reason 54 of the death of the grantor of the revocable trust. 55 (e) A transfer pursuant to court order or court-approved settlement. 56 (f) A transfer by eminent domain or under threat of eminent domain.A. 3353 7 1 (g) A transfer of a residential building to a tenant organization or 2 qualified purchaser pursuant to a transfer agreement in effect on the 3 effective date of this article, except that any renewal, modification, 4 or amendment of such agreement occurring on or after the effective date 5 of this article shall be subject to the provisions of this article. 6 3. Exemption procedures and burden of proof. (a) The burden of proof 7 to establish that a property type or planned transaction is exempt under 8 this article shall be on the owner of the rental housing accommodation. 9 (b) The owner of a rental housing accommodation who believes that they 10 should be granted an exemption under this article shall comply with 11 procedures that HCR shall create for claiming such an exemption. 12 4. Voluntary election to participate. An owner whose property or 13 planned transaction is exempt from this article pursuant to sections 14 seven hundred ninety-nine-b or seven hundred ninety-nine-c of this arti- 15 cle may elect to subject his or her property to this article by comply- 16 ing with procedures that HCR shall promulgate through regulations, 17 provided that the owner who voluntarily subjects his or her property to 18 this article shall comply with this article in its entirety. Each tenant 19 living in such property shall be granted all of the rights described in 20 this article, including the opportunity to decide whether to exercise 21 their first right of purchase under section seven hundred ninety-nine-d 22 of this article. No owner shall be eligible for incentives described in 23 section seven hundred ninety-nine-t of this article without complying 24 with this article in its entirety. 25 § 799-d. First right to purchase. This section shall be construed to 26 confer upon each tenant a first right to purchase a rental housing 27 accommodation, subject to the exemptions in section seven hundred nine- 28 ty-nine-c of this article, in a manner consistent with this section. The 29 first right to purchase shall consist of both a right of first offer, as 30 set forth in section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article, and a 31 right of first refusal, as set forth in section seven hundred ninety- 32 nine-l of this article. The first right to purchase shall be conferred 33 to each tenant but shall be exercised collectively pursuant to section 34 seven hundred ninety-nine-e of this article. The first right to purchase 35 shall include the right to assign such rights to a qualified purchaser 36 as set forth in section seven hundred ninety-nine-h of this article. The 37 first right to purchase shall be conferred where the owner intends to 38 sell the rental housing accommodation. This section shall not be 39 construed to limit any right of first offer or first refusal provided 40 under any law. 41 § 799-e. Tenant decision-making; tenant organizations. 1. Tenant 42 decision-making. Except in the case of a duly formed tenant organiza- 43 tion with its own adopted governing document, any action required of 44 tenants under this article shall be approved by one of the following 45 decision-making standards: 46 (a) In the case of a rental housing accommodation with more than one 47 tenant-occupied unit, at least a majority of tenant-occupied units. 48 (b) In the case of a rental housing accommodation with only one 49 tenant-occupied unit but multiple tenant households, at least a majority 50 of tenant households. 51 (c) In the case of a rental housing accommodation with only one tenant 52 household, the tenant household. 53 2. Tenant organizations. (a) In order to submit an offer of purchase 54 pursuant to section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article and 55 respond to the owner's offer of sale pursuant to section seven hundred 56 ninety-nine-l of this article, tenants shall:A. 3353 8 1 (i) Form a tenant organization, approved by the requirements described 2 in subdivision one of this section, unless such a tenant organization 3 already exists in a form approved by the tenants. If there is only one 4 tenant household in a rental housing accommodation, the tenant household 5 may exercise the right of first offer and right of first refusal without 6 forming a tenant organization; however, such tenant household shall 7 still comply with section seven hundred ninety-nine-g of this article. 8 (ii) Select a supportive partner, meeting the criteria described in 9 section seven hundred ninety-nine-g of this article. 10 (iii) Deliver an application for registration of the tenant organiza- 11 tion, or the tenant household, if applicable, to HCR, and deliver a copy 12 of such application to the owner, by hand or by certified mail on or 13 before the deadline of submitting an offer of purchase pursuant to 14 section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article. Such application 15 shall include: 16 (A) the name, address, and phone number of tenant officers and the 17 supportive partner; 18 (B) a copy of the formation document, as filed; 19 (C) a copy of the governing document; 20 (D) documented approval that the tenant organization represents a 21 majority under paragraph (a) or (b) of subdivision one of this section 22 as of the time of registration; and 23 (E) such other information as HCR may reasonably require. 24 (b) Tenants may form and register the tenant organization with HCR 25 pursuant to this subdivision at any time, provided that this section 26 shall not be construed to alter the time periods within which a tenant 27 organization may exercise the rights afforded by this article. 28 (c) Upon registration with HCR, the tenant organization shall consti- 29 tute the sole representative of the tenants for purposes of this arti- 30 cle. 31 § 799-f. Qualified purchasers. 1. Qualified purchaser criteria. (a) 32 HCR shall establish an administrative process for certifying purchasers 33 that shall include, but not be limited to, the following minimum crite- 34 ria: 35 (i) The purchaser is a bona fide nonprofit, as evidenced by the fact 36 that it is exempt from federal income tax under 26 U.S.C. § 501(c)(3); 37 (ii) The purchaser has demonstrated a commitment to either: 38 (iii) democratic residential control, as evidenced by its ownership 39 and governance structure and relationship with residents; or 40 (iv) a commitment to community engagement, as evidenced by relation- 41 ships with neighborhood-based organizations or tenant counseling organ- 42 izations; 43 (v) The purchaser has agreed to transfer ownership of the rental hous- 44 ing accommodation to the tenants when feasible if its tenants request 45 such transfer of ownership; 46 (vi) The purchaser has demonstrated a commitment to the provision of 47 affordable housing for low, very low, and extremely low income New York 48 state residents, and to prevent the displacement of such residents; 49 (vii) The purchaser has agreed to obligate itself and any successors 50 in interest to maintain the permanent affordability of the rental hous- 51 ing accommodation, in accordance with section seven hundred 52 ninety-nine-r of this article; 53 (viii) The purchaser has demonstrated the capacity, including, but not 54 limited to, the legal and financial capacity, to effectively acquire and 55 manage residential real property in New York state;A. 3353 9 1 (ix) The purchaser has acquired or partnered with another housing 2 development organization or nonprofit organization to acquire at least 3 one residential building using any public or community funding, or has 4 entered into a written memorandum of understanding with another housing 5 development organization or nonprofit organization for the purpose of 6 partnering with a housing development organization or nonprofit organ- 7 ization to acquire residential buildings using public or community fund- 8 ing; and 9 (x) The purchaser has agreed to attend mandatory training to be deter- 10 mined, from time to time, by HCR. 11 (b) Notwithstanding any other requirement of this article, municipal 12 housing authorities established pursuant to the municipal housing 13 authority law by any county, city, or first class village of the state 14 shall be deemed qualified purchaser for purposes of this article. 15 2. Certification, term, and renewal. Purchasers that HCR certifies as 16 having met the criteria in subdivision one of this section shall be 17 known as "qualified purchasers". A purchaser's certification as a qual- 18 ified purchaser shall be valid for four years. HCR shall solicit new 19 applications for qualified purchaser status at least once each calendar 20 year, at which time existing qualified purchasers shall be eligible to 21 apply for renewed certification as qualified purchasers. 22 3. Existence and publication of qualified purchasers list. HCR shall 23 publish on its website, and make available upon request, a list of qual- 24 ified purchasers. In addition to such other information as HCR may 25 include, such list shall include contact information for each qualified 26 purchaser. Such contact information shall include, but need not be 27 limited to, a mailing address, an e-mail address that the qualified 28 purchaser monitors regularly, and a telephone number. 29 4. Disqualification of qualified purchaser and conflicts of interest. 30 HCR shall promptly investigate any complaint alleging that a qualified 31 purchaser has failed to comply with this section. Subject to regulations 32 promulgated by HCR, if, after providing the qualified purchaser with 33 notice and opportunity to be heard, HCR determines that a purchaser 34 listed as a qualified purchaser has failed to comply with this section, 35 HCR may suspend or revoke that purchaser's certification as a qualified 36 purchaser. HCR shall establish a process for addressing potential and 37 actual conflicts of interests that may arise among supportive partners, 38 qualified purchasers, and tenants through promulgation of regulations. 39 § 799-g. Supportive partners. 1. Supportive partner criteria. HCR 40 shall establish an administrative process for certifying individuals or 41 organizations that meet the following minimum criteria: 42 (a) The individual or organization has demonstrated ability and capac- 43 ity to guide and support tenants in forming a tenant organization; 44 (b) The individual or organization has demonstrated ability and capac- 45 ity to assist tenants in understanding and exercising their rights under 46 this article; 47 (c) The individual or organization has demonstrated expertise, or 48 existing partnerships with other organizations with demonstrated exper- 49 tise, to counsel tenants on first-time homeownership and collective 50 ownership structures; 51 (d) The individual or organization has a demonstrated commitment to 52 creating democratic resident-controlled housing; and 53 (e) The individual or organization has agreed to attend mandatory 54 trainings, to be determined, from time to time, by HCR. 55 2. Certification, term, and renewal. Individuals and organizations 56 that HCR certifies as having met the criteria in subdivision one of thisA. 3353 10 1 section shall be known as "supportive partners". An individual or organ- 2 ization's certification as a supportive partner shall be valid for four 3 years. HCR shall solicit new applications for supportive partner status 4 at least once each calendar year, at which time existing supportive 5 partners shall be eligible to apply for renewed certification as 6 supportive partners. 7 3. Purpose of supportive partner. A supportive partner shall function 8 in a supportive role to assist tenants in exercising their rights under 9 this article. This article shall not confer any rights to a supportive 10 partner. A supportive partner shall be distinct from a qualified 11 purchaser that is conferred subordinated rights under this article as 12 described in section seven hundred ninety-nine-d of this article. HCR 13 may determine that a qualified purchaser described in section seven 14 hundred ninety-nine-f of this article that meets the criteria in subdi- 15 vision one of this section shall also be eligible to serve as a support- 16 ive partner. HCR may also serve as a supportive partner. 17 4. Existence and publication of supportive partners list. HCR shall 18 publish on its website, and make available upon request, a list of 19 supportive partners. In addition to such other information as HCR may 20 include, this list shall include contact information for each supportive 21 partner. Such contact information shall include, but need not be limited 22 to, a mailing address, an e-mail address that the supportive partner 23 monitors regularly, and a telephone number. 24 5. Disqualification of supportive partner and conflicts of interest. 25 HCR shall promptly investigate any complaint alleging that a supportive 26 partner has failed to comply with this section. Subject to regulations 27 promulgated by HCR, if, after providing the supportive partner with 28 notice and opportunity to be heard, HCR determines that an individual or 29 organization listed as a supportive partner has failed to comply with 30 this section, HCR may suspend or revoke such individual or organiza- 31 tion's certification as a supportive partner. HCR shall establish a 32 process for addressing potential and actual conflicts of interests that 33 may arise among supportive partners, qualified purchasers, and tenants 34 through promulgation of regulations. 35 § 799-h. Assignment of rights. 1. A tenant or tenant organization may 36 assign rights under this section in compliance with subdivision one of 37 section seven hundred ninety-nine-e to a qualified purchaser of their 38 choice. 39 2. Subject to regulations promulgated by HCR, the assignment of rights 40 described in this section shall occur prior to the tenant or tenant 41 organization waiving their rights pursuant to section seven hundred 42 ninety-nine-i of this article, and only during the process provided in 43 section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article. Except as provided 44 in section seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, the waiver and 45 assignment of rights shall be made in a written agreement executed by 46 the tenant or tenant organization and the qualified purchaser. 47 3. Qualified purchasers shall not accept any payment, consideration, 48 or reward in exchange for the assignment of rights under this section. 49 § 799-i. Waiver of rights. 1. Tenants may affirmatively waive their 50 rights before the time periods specified in sections seven hundred nine- 51 ty-nine-k and seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article elapse, by 52 notifying the owner in writing, signed by the tenants and in compliance 53 with section seven hundred ninety-nine-e of this article. 54 2. Tenants' failure to complete actions required under sections seven 55 hundred ninety-nine-k and seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this articleA. 3353 11 1 within the allotted time periods, and any extensions thereof, shall be 2 deemed an implied waiver of such tenants' rights. 3 § 799-j. Notice requirements. Any notices required or permitted by 4 this article shall also comply with regulations promulgated by HCR. 5 § 799-k. Right of first offer. 1. General construction. Before an 6 owner of a rental housing accommodation may offer such rental housing 7 accommodation for sale to, solicit any offer to purchase from, or accept 8 any unsolicited offer to purchase from, any third-party purchaser, such 9 owner shall give the tenant of such rental housing accommodation the 10 first opportunity to make an offer as set forth by this section. 11 2. Joint notification. (a) In accordance with section seven hundred 12 ninety-nine-j of this article, the owner shall: 13 (i) Notify each tenant eighteen years of age and over of the owner's 14 intent to sell the rental housing accommodation by certified mail and by 15 posting a copy of the notice in a conspicuous place in common areas of 16 the rental housing accommodation. 17 (A) Such notice shall be in the top three languages spoken at home 18 within the property's census tract based on the latest United States 19 census bureau's American community survey. 20 (B) Such notice shall include, at a minimum: 21 (1) A statement that the owner intends to sell the rental housing 22 accommodation; 23 (2) A statement of the rights of tenants and qualified purchasers and 24 the accompanying timelines described in this section; 25 (3) A statement that the owner shall make the related disclosures 26 described in this section available to the tenant; and 27 (4) A statement stating that if the tenant requires the notice in a 28 language not provided, they can contact HCR and request the notice in 29 their requested language and/or the assistance of an interpreter. 30 (ii) Notify HCR of the owner's intent to sell the rental housing 31 accommodation by sending a copy of the notice provided to tenants to an 32 e-mail address designated by HCR and posting the notice on a website to 33 be designated by HCR. 34 (b) HCR shall update the website at least daily and shall include 35 disclaimers to the effect that (i) where a notice is provided on the 36 website, such notice usually will not be provided in any other manner to 37 individuals or entities other than tenants eighteen years of age and 38 over in the rental housing accommodation; and (ii) it is the responsi- 39 bility of any person or entity interested in receiving such notice to 40 monitor the website for such notices. 41 3. Related disclosures. When the owner, pursuant to this section, 42 notifies each tenant and qualified purchaser of its intent to sell a 43 rental housing accommodation, the owner shall also provide each tenant 44 and qualified purchaser with the following information, at minimum: 45 (a) A floor plan of the property; 46 (b) An itemized list of monthly operating expenses, utility consump- 47 tion rates, real property taxes and capital expenditures for each of the 48 two preceding calendar years; 49 (c) A list of any known defects and hazards, and any related costs for 50 repair; 51 (d) The most recent rent roll, a list of occupied units and list of 52 vacant units, including the rate of rent for each unit, and any esca- 53 lations and lease expirations; 54 (e) Covenants, conditions, and restrictions and reserves, in the case 55 of a condominium dwelling; 56 (f) HCR rent registrations;A. 3353 12 1 (g) Regulatory agreements; 2 (h) Any mortgages and notes and any documentation of any other finan- 3 cial commitments that affect the financial operations of the building, 4 including but not limited to obligations to equity investors; and 5 (i) Any other disclosures required by New York state law or HCR regu- 6 lation. 7 4. Time to submit a statement of interest. (a) Upon receipt of the 8 notice and disclosures described in subdivisions two and three of this 9 section, tenants shall deliver one statement of interest to the owner on 10 behalf of the rental housing accommodation. 11 (b) Tenants shall have twenty days in a rental housing accommodation 12 comprised of one or two units, and thirty days in a rental housing 13 accommodation with three or more units, to deliver the statement of 14 interest. Tenants in a rental housing accommodation with thirty or more 15 units shall be granted one extension of up to fifteen days upon request, 16 for a total of forty-five days. If the tenants waive their rights in 17 accordance with section seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, 18 qualified purchasers shall have the remaining time or a minimum of five 19 days, whichever is greater, to deliver a statement of interest to the 20 owner. 21 (c) The statement of interest shall be a clear expression from the 22 tenants that they intend to further consider making an offer to purchase 23 the rental housing accommodation or further consider assigning their 24 rights to a qualified purchaser. 25 (d) The statement of interest shall include documentation demonstrat- 26 ing that the tenants' decision was supported by the standard described 27 in section seven hundred ninety-nine-e of this article. 28 (e) If the tenants waive their rights in accordance with section seven 29 hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, the owner shall notify all quali- 30 fied purchasers, via e-mail, on the same day that tenants waive their 31 rights, of the right of each qualified purchaser to submit a statement 32 of interest to the owner. 33 (f) Upon receipt of the notice, a qualified purchaser that intends to 34 further consider making an offer to purchase the rental housing accommo- 35 dation shall deliver a statement of interest to the owner and every 36 other qualified purchaser via e-mail within the time periods provided by 37 this subdivision. 38 (g) The statement of interest shall be a clear expression that the 39 qualified purchaser intends to further consider making an offer to 40 purchase the rental housing accommodation. 41 (h) If a qualified purchaser has delivered a statement of interest 42 consistent with this subdivision, the owner shall, subject to seeking 43 tenant approval for disclosure of any confidential or personal informa- 44 tion, disclose to each such qualified purchaser, via e-mail, the names 45 of tenants in each occupied unit of the rental housing accommodation, as 46 well as any available contact information for each tenant. 47 (i) If tenants and qualified purchasers do not deliver a statement of 48 interest within the time periods specified in this subdivision, the 49 owner may immediately proceed to offer the rental housing accommodation 50 for sale to, and solicit offers of purchase from, prospective third-par- 51 ty purchasers, subject to the right of first refusal provided by section 52 seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article. 53 5. Time to submit offer. (a) The following procedures shall apply to 54 offers to purchase a rental housing accommodation with only one tenant 55 household:A. 3353 13 1 (i) Upon receipt of a statement of interest from tenants consistent 2 with subdivision four of this section, an owner shall afford the tenants 3 an additional twenty-one days to select a supportive partner and submit 4 an offer to purchase the rental housing accommodation. If the tenants 5 waive their rights in accordance with section seven hundred 6 ninety-nine-i of this article, qualified purchasers shall have the 7 remaining time or a minimum of five days, whichever is greater, to 8 submit an offer to the owner. 9 (ii) If the tenants waive their rights in accordance with section 10 seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, the owner shall notify all 11 qualified purchasers, via e-mail, of their rights to submit an offer. 12 Upon receipt of this notice, each qualified purchaser that intends to 13 purchase the rental housing accommodation shall submit an offer to the 14 owner within the time period specified in subparagraph (i) of this para- 15 graph. 16 (b) The following procedures shall apply to offers to purchase a 17 rental housing accommodation with two units or a single family home with 18 multiple tenant households, unless subject to paragraph (a) of this 19 subdivision: 20 (i) Upon receipt of a statement of interest from tenants consistent 21 with subdivision four of this section, an owner shall afford the tenants 22 an additional forty-five days to form a tenant organization, select a 23 supportive partner, and deliver an offer to purchase the rental housing 24 accommodation. If the tenants waive their rights in accordance with 25 section seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, qualified purchas- 26 ers shall have the remaining time or a minimum of five days, whichever 27 is greater, to deliver an offer to the owner. 28 (ii) If the tenants waive their rights in accordance with section 29 seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, the owner shall notify all 30 qualified purchasers, via e-mail, of their rights to submit an offer. 31 Upon receipt of this notice, each qualified purchaser that intends to 32 purchase the rental housing accommodation shall deliver an offer within 33 the time period specified in subparagraph (i) of this paragraph. 34 (c) The following procedures shall apply to offers to purchase a 35 rental housing accommodation with three or more units, unless subject to 36 paragraph (a) of this subdivision. 37 (i) Upon receipt of a statement of interest from tenants consistent 38 with subdivision four of this section, an owner shall afford tenants an 39 additional sixty days to form a tenant organization, select a supportive 40 partner, and deliver an offer to purchase the rental housing accommo- 41 dation. Tenants in a rental housing accommodation with ten to twenty- 42 nine units shall be granted one extension of up to thirty days upon 43 request, for a total of ninety days to submit an offer to the owner. 44 Tenants in a rental housing accommodation with thirty or more units 45 shall be granted two extensions of up to thirty days each, for a total 46 of one hundred twenty days to deliver an offer to the owner. If the 47 tenants waive their rights in accordance with section seven hundred 48 ninety-nine-i of this article, qualified purchasers shall have the 49 remaining time within these time periods and any extensions thereof, or 50 a minimum of five days, whichever is greater, to deliver an offer to the 51 owner. 52 (ii) If the tenants waive their rights in accordance with section 53 seven hundred ninety-nine-i of this article, the owner shall notify all 54 qualified purchasers, via e-mail, of their rights to submit an offer. 55 Upon receipt of this notice, each qualified purchaser that intends toA. 3353 14 1 purchase the rental housing accommodation shall deliver an offer within 2 the time period specified in subparagraph (i) of this paragraph. 3 (d) Within the timeframes provided by paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of 4 this subdivision for submitting an offer, the tenant, tenant organiza- 5 tion, or qualified purchaser that submits an offer to the owner shall 6 also submit an agreement to HCR pursuant to subdivision two of section 7 seven hundred ninety-nine-r of this article, agreeing to be bound by 8 requirements of such section. 9 6. Owner free to accept or reject offer. The owner shall be free to 10 accept or reject any offer of purchase from a tenant, tenant organiza- 11 tion or qualified purchaser. Any such acceptance or rejection shall be 12 communicated in writing. 13 (a) Incentives to accept offer. If the owner accepts any such offer of 14 purchase from a tenant, tenant organization or a qualified purchaser, 15 the owner may be eligible to receive incentives pursuant to section 16 seven hundred ninety-nine-s of this article. 17 (b) Rejection of offer. If the owner rejects all such offers of 18 purchase, the owner may immediately offer the rental housing accommo- 19 dation for sale to, and solicit offers of purchase from, prospective 20 third-party purchasers, subject to the right of first refusal described 21 in section seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article. 22 (c) Lapse of time. If ninety days elapse from the date of an owner's 23 rejection of an offer from a tenant, tenant organization or a qualified 24 purchaser, and the owner has not provided an offer of sale as described 25 in section seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article, the owner shall 26 comply anew with this section. 27 7. Time to secure financing. (a) The following procedures shall apply 28 to a purchase of a single family home with only one tenant household. 29 (i) The owner shall afford the tenant or qualified purchaser thirty 30 days after the date of the entering into a purchase contract to secure 31 financing. 32 (ii) If, within thirty days after the date of contracting, the tenant 33 or qualified purchaser presents the owner with the written decision of a 34 lending institution or agency that states that the institution or agency 35 estimates that a decision with respect to financing or financial assist- 36 ance will be made within forty-five days after the date of contracting, 37 the owner shall afford the tenant or qualified purchaser an extension of 38 time consistent with the written estimate. 39 (iii) If the tenant or qualified purchaser does not secure financing 40 and close the transaction within the timeframes described in this subdi- 41 vision and subdivision eight of this section, and any extensions there- 42 of, the owner may immediately proceed to offer the rental housing accom- 43 modation for sale to, and to solicit offers of purchase from prospective 44 third party purchasers other than the tenant or qualified purchaser. 45 (b) The following procedures shall apply to a purchase of a rental 46 housing accommodation with two units or a single family home with multi- 47 ple tenant households. 48 (i) The owner shall afford the tenant organization or qualified 49 purchaser ninety days after the date of entering into a purchase 50 contract to secure financing. 51 (ii) If, within ninety days after the date of contracting, the tenant 52 organization or qualified purchaser presents the owner with the written 53 decision of a lending institution or agency that states that the insti- 54 tution or agency estimates that a decision with respect to financing or 55 financial assistance will be made within one hundred twenty days after 56 the date of contracting, the owner shall afford the tenant organizationA. 3353 15 1 or qualified purchaser an extension of time consistent with the written 2 estimate. 3 (iii) If the tenant organization or qualified purchaser does not 4 secure financing and close the transaction within the timeframes 5 described in this subdivision and subdivision eight of this section, and 6 any extensions thereof, the owner may immediately proceed to offer the 7 rental housing accommodation for sale to, and to solicit offers of 8 purchase from prospective third-party purchasers other than the tenant 9 organization or qualified purchaser. 10 (c) The following procedures shall apply to purchases of rental hous- 11 ing accommodations with three or more units. 12 (i) The owner shall afford the tenant organization or qualified 13 purchaser one hundred twenty days after the date of entering into a 14 purchase contract to secure financing. 15 (ii) If, within one hundred twenty days after the date of contracting, 16 the tenant organization or qualified purchaser presents the owner with 17 the written decision of a lending institution or agency that states that 18 the institution or agency estimates that a decision with respect to 19 financing or financial assistance will be made within one hundred sixty 20 days after the date of contracting, the owner shall afford the tenant 21 organization or qualified purchaser an extension of time consistent with 22 the written estimate. 23 (iii) If the tenant organization or qualified purchaser does not 24 secure financing and close the deal within the timeframes described in 25 this subdivision and subdivision eight of this section, and any exten- 26 sions thereof, the owner may immediately proceed to offer the rental 27 housing accommodation for sale to, and to solicit offers of purchase 28 from prospective third-party purchasers other than the tenant organiza- 29 tion or qualified purchaser. 30 8. Time to close. In addition to the time periods in subdivision seven 31 of this section, the owner shall afford each tenant, tenant organiza- 32 tion, or qualified purchaser with an additional fourteen days to close. 33 So long as the tenant, tenant organization, or qualified purchaser is 34 diligently pursuing the close, the owner shall afford them a reasonable 35 extension beyond this fourteen-day period to close. 36 § 799-l. Right of first refusal. 1. General construction. This section 37 shall be construed to confer a right of first refusal only upon each 38 tenant, tenant organization, and qualified purchaser that exercised the 39 right of first offer pursuant to section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of 40 this article. 41 2. Offer of sale to tenant, tenant organizations, and qualified 42 purchasers. Before an owner of a rental housing accommodation may sell a 43 rental housing accommodation, the owner shall give each tenant, tenant 44 organization, or qualified purchaser that previously made an offer to 45 purchase such rental housing accommodation pursuant to section seven 46 hundred ninety-nine-k of this article an opportunity to purchase such 47 rental housing accommodation at a price and terms that represent a bona 48 fide offer of sale. 49 (a) The owner's offer of sale shall include, at minimum: 50 (i) The asking price and terms of the sale. The terms and conditions 51 shall be consistent with the applicable timeframes described in subdivi- 52 sions three and four of this section; 53 (ii) A statement as to whether a purchase contract with a third-party 54 purchaser exists for the sale of the rental housing accommodation, and 55 if so, a copy of such purchase contract; andA. 3353 16 1 (iii) A statement in English and Spanish stating that if the tenant 2 requires the offer of sale in a language other than English, they may 3 contact HCR and request the offer of sale in their requested language 4 and/or the assistance of an interpreter. 5 (b) If a tenant or tenant organization is receiving the offer of sale, 6 the owner shall deliver a written copy of the offer of sale to each 7 tenant or tenant organization by certified mail. 8 (c) If a qualified purchaser is receiving the offer of sale, the owner 9 shall deliver the offer of sale to each qualified purchaser that previ- 10 ously made an offer to purchase the rental housing accommodation. The 11 owner shall submit an offer of sale to each such qualified purchaser on 12 the same day, and to the extent possible, at the same time, by e-mail. 13 (d) If the owner has a purchase contract with a third-party purchaser 14 for the sale of the rental housing accommodation, the owner shall deliv- 15 er the offer of sale to each tenant, tenant organization or qualified 16 purchaser within two days of entering into a purchase contract with the 17 third-party purchaser. 18 (e) The owner shall also provide HCR with a written copy of the offer 19 of sale and a statement certifying that the items described by paragraph 20 (a) of this subdivision were delivered to each tenant, tenant organiza- 21 tion, or qualified purchaser. 22 3. Time to accept offer. (a) The following procedures shall apply to a 23 rental housing accommodation with only one tenant household: Upon 24 receipt of the offer of sale from the owner, a tenant or qualified 25 purchaser shall have ten days to accept the offer of sale, provided, 26 however, that the deadline to accept any offer of sale shall be extended 27 to allow the tenant or qualified purchaser to exercise their right to an 28 appraisal pursuant to section seven hundred ninety-nine-n of this arti- 29 cle, if they believe that the offer of sale is not a bona fide offer of 30 sale. 31 (b) The following procedures shall apply to a rental housing accommo- 32 dation with multiple tenant households: 33 (i) Upon receipt of the offer of sale from the owner, a tenant organ- 34 ization shall have forty-five days to accept the offer of sale. 35 (ii) Upon receipt of the offer of sale from the owner, a qualified 36 purchaser shall have thirty days to accept the offer of sale. 37 (iii) The deadline to accept any offer of sale shall be extended to 38 allow the tenant or qualified purchaser to exercise their right to an 39 appraisal pursuant to section seven hundred ninety-nine-n of this arti- 40 cle, if they believe that the offer of sale is not a bona fide offer of 41 sale. 42 (c) If, during these time periods, any qualified purchaser that has 43 received such offer of sale decides to accept the owner's offer of sale, 44 such qualified purchaser shall notify the owner and every other quali- 45 fied purchaser of such decision by e-mail. After a qualified purchaser 46 notifies the owner of its decision to accept the owner's offer of sale, 47 meaning before any other qualified purchaser so notified the owner, such 48 qualified purchaser shall be deemed to have accepted the offer of sale, 49 and no other qualified purchaser shall accept the owner's offer of sale, 50 whether or not the time periods in this subdivision have elapsed. 51 4. Time to secure financing and close. If a tenant, tenant organiza- 52 tion, or qualified purchaser accepts an owner's offer of sale in accord- 53 ance with this article, the owner shall afford such tenant, tenant 54 organization, or qualified purchaser time to secure financing and close, 55 consistent with this article.A. 3353 17 1 5. Rejection of offer. If each tenant, tenant organization, and quali- 2 fied purchaser that received an offer of sale consistent with this arti- 3 cle, rejects such offer of sale or fails to respond within the timelines 4 described in this section, the owner may immediately proceed with the 5 sale of the rental housing accommodation to a third-party purchaser 6 consistent with the price and material terms of that offer of sale. 7 § 799-m. Third-party rights. The right of a third-party to purchase a 8 rental housing accommodation shall be conditional upon the exercise of 9 tenant, tenant organization, and qualified purchaser rights under this 10 article. The time periods for submitting and accepting an offer, secur- 11 ing financing, and closing under this article shall be minimum periods, 12 and the owner may afford any tenant, tenant organization, and qualified 13 purchaser a reasonable extension of such period, without liability under 14 a third-party purchase contract. Third-party purchasers shall be 15 presumed to act with full knowledge of the rights of tenants, tenant 16 organizations, and qualified purchasers and public policy under this 17 article. 18 § 799-n. Right to appraisal. 1. Right to appraisal. This section shall 19 apply whenever an offer of sale is made to a tenant, tenant organiza- 20 tion, or qualified purchasers as required by this article and the offer 21 is made in the absence of an arm's-length third-party purchase contract. 22 2. Request for appraisal. The tenant, tenant organization, or quali- 23 fied purchaser that receives an owner's offer of sale may challenge such 24 offer of sale as not being a bona fide offer of sale, and request an 25 appraisal to determine the fair market value of the rental housing 26 accommodation. The party requesting the appraisal shall be deemed the 27 "petitioner" for purposes of this section. The petitioner shall deliver 28 the written request for an appraisal to HCR and the owner by hand or by 29 certified mail within five days of receiving the offer of sale. 30 3. Time for appraisal. Beginning with the date of receipt of a written 31 request for an appraisal, and for each day thereafter until the peti- 32 tioner receives the appraisal, the time periods described in subdivision 33 three of section seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article shall be 34 extended by an additional time of up to ten business days. 35 4. Selection of appraiser. The petitioner shall select an appraiser 36 from a list of independent, qualified appraisers, that HCR shall main- 37 tain. HCR-approved appraisers shall hold an active appraiser license 38 issued by the New York state board of real estate appraisal and shall be 39 able to conduct an objective, independent property valuation, performed 40 according to professional industry standards. All appraisers shall 41 undergo training organized by HCR before they are approved and added to 42 the HCR's list. 43 5. Cost of appraisal. The petitioner shall be responsible for one- 44 third and the owner shall be responsible for two-thirds of the total 45 cost of the appraisal. 46 6. Appraisal procedures and standards. The owner shall give the 47 appraiser full, unfettered access to the property. The owner shall 48 respond within three days to any request for information from the 49 appraiser. The petitioner may give the appraiser information relevant to 50 the valuation of the property. The appraisal shall be completed expe- 51 ditiously according to standard industry timeframes. An appraised value 52 shall only be based on rights an owner has as a matter-of-right as of 53 the date of the alleged bona fide offer of sale, including any existing 54 right an owner may have to convert the property to another use. Within 55 the restrictions in this subdivision, an appraised value may take into 56 consideration the highest and best use of the property.A. 3353 18 1 7. Validity of appraisal. The determination of the appraised value of 2 the rental housing accommodation, in accordance with this section, shall 3 become the sales price of the rental housing accommodation in the bona 4 fide offer of sale, unless: 5 (a) The owner and the petitioner agree upon a different sales price of 6 the rental housing accommodation; or 7 (b) The owner elects to withdraw the offer of sale altogether within 8 fourteen days of receipt of the appraisal, in which case: 9 (i) the owner shall withdraw the offer of sale by delivering a written 10 notice by hand or by certified mail to HCR and to the petitioner; 11 (ii) upon withdrawal, the owner shall reimburse the petitioner and HCR 12 for their share of the cost of the appraisal within fourteen days of 13 delivery of written notice of withdrawal; and 14 (iii) An owner who withdraws an offer of sale in accordance with this 15 paragraph shall be precluded from proceeding to sell the rental housing 16 accommodation to a third-party purchaser without complying with this 17 section by honoring the first right of purchase of tenants and qualified 18 purchasers; or 19 (c) The petitioner elects to withdraw the offer of sale altogether 20 within fourteen days of receipt of the appraisal, in which case: 21 (i) the petitioner shall withdraw the offer of sale by delivering a 22 written notice by hand or by certified mail to HCR and to the owner; and 23 (ii) upon withdrawal, the petitioner shall reimburse the owner and HCR 24 for their share of the cost of the appraisal within fourteen days of 25 delivery of written notice of withdrawal. 26 § 799-o. Purchase contract negotiation. 1. Bargaining in good faith. 27 The owner and any tenant, tenant organization, and/or qualified purchas- 28 er shall bargain in good faith regarding the terms of any offer for 29 sale. Any one of the following shall constitute prima facie evidence of 30 bargaining without good faith: 31 (a) The failure of an owner to offer a tenant, tenant organization, or 32 qualified purchaser a price and other material terms at least as favora- 33 ble as that offered to a third-party purchaser; 34 (b) Any requirement by an owner that a tenant, tenant organization, or 35 qualified purchaser waive any right under this article; or 36 (c) The intentional failure of an owner, tenant, tenant organization, 37 or qualified purchaser to comply with the provisions of this article. 38 2. Reduced price. If the owner sells or contracts to sell the rental 39 housing accommodation to a third-party purchaser for a price less than 40 the price offered to the tenant, tenant organization, or qualified 41 purchaser in the offer of sale, or for other terms, which would consti- 42 tute bargaining without good faith, the owner shall comply anew with all 43 requirements of this article, as applicable. 44 3. Termination of rights. The intentional failure of any tenant, 45 tenant organization, or qualified purchaser to comply with the 46 provisions of this article shall result in the termination of their 47 rights under this article. 48 § 799-p. No selling of rights. 1. A tenant, tenant organization, or 49 qualified purchaser shall not sell any rights under this article. 50 2. An owner shall not coerce a tenant or tenant organization to waive 51 their rights under this article. 52 § 799-q. Tenant protections. 1. No tenant in the rental housing accom- 53 modation, including tenants who do not exercise rights to purchase under 54 this article, shall be evicted by the TOPA buyer, except for good cause. 55 2. Should the maximum allowable rent provision of the state's emergen- 56 cy tenant protection regulations, and the state's rent stabilizationA. 3353 19 1 code, promulgated by the division of housing and community renewal, TOPA 2 buyers shall adjust the rent annually to allow an increase of no more 3 than the increase in the CPI. 4 3. TOPA buyers shall not refuse to provide rental housing accommo- 5 dations to any person based on the source of funds used to pay for the 6 rental housing accommodations, including but not limited to any funds 7 provided by Section 8 vouchers or any other subsidy program established 8 by federal, state or municipal government, or any future rent subsidy 9 from a governmental entity made available to extremely low to moderate 10 low income households for vacant units in the purchased rental housing 11 accommodation. 12 § 799-r. Price stabilization. 1. Price stabilization. A rental housing 13 accommodation purchased by a TOPA buyer under this article shall be 14 subject to permanent affordability restrictions as set forth in this 15 section and by regulations promulgated by HCR, which shall be promulgat- 16 ed with the intent of fulfilling the purpose of this section. 17 2. Term. Subject to regulations promulgated by HCR, permanent afforda- 18 bility standards shall restrict the use of the rental housing accommo- 19 dation to require that permanent affordability restrictions remain in 20 force for ninety-nine years and with an option to renew at year one 21 hundred. This subdivision shall not to be construed to apply only to 22 community land trusts. 23 3. Permanent affordability. In exchange for the rights conferred under 24 this section, each TOPA buyer shall agree to maintain the permanent 25 affordability of the rental housing accommodation. No TOPA buyer shall 26 be entitled to a purchase contract under this section without executing 27 an agreement with HCR to limit the future appreciation of the rental 28 housing accommodation and only sell, or rent, to income-eligible house- 29 holds in accordance with this section, section seven hundred ninety- 30 nine-q of this article and relevant standards and exemptions created by 31 HCR through regulation. Under such agreement, each TOPA buyer shall 32 represent to HCR that they agree to be bound by the permanent afforda- 33 bility requirements under this section. The TOPA buyer shall deliver 34 such agreement to HCR no later than the deadline for submitting an offer 35 provided under section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article. 36 4. Permanent affordability standards for tenants or tenant organiza- 37 tions. For a tenant or tenant organization purchasing a rental housing 38 accommodation, permanent affordability standards created by HCR shall: 39 (a) Restrict the resale price of the rental housing accommodation, or 40 separate ownership interests in the rental housing accommodation, by 41 limiting the annual market appreciation of the rental housing accommo- 42 dation, or separate ownership interest, to a percentage increase as 43 agreed upon by HCR or the regulating municipal housing agency, not to 44 exceed an annual interest rate of three percent simple; 45 (b) Ensure that a unit in which a tenant determines to remain a renter 46 following a purchase under this article shall be maintained as a unit 47 subject to the requirements of section seven hundred ninety-nine-q of 48 this article, unless HCR determines a valid exemption or alternative 49 standard should apply for such unit assisted by HCR or other public 50 subsidy program which is subject to separate permanent affordability 51 requirements; and 52 (c) At minimum, make the restricted resale price of the rental housing 53 accommodation, or ownership interests in the rental housing accommo- 54 dation, available only to households with income at or below the average 55 AMIs of the initial TOPA buyers as of the initial purchase date of theA. 3353 20 1 rental housing accommodation, as verified and recorded by HCR as of the 2 initial purchase date and not to exceed eighty percent of AMI. 3 5. Permanent affordability standards for qualified purchasers. For 4 qualified purchasers purchasing the rental housing accommodation, perma- 5 nent affordability standards created by HCR shall: 6 (a) Restrict the resale price of the rental housing accommodation, or 7 separate ownership interests in the rental housing accommodation, by 8 limiting the annual appreciation of the rental housing accommodation, or 9 separate ownership interest, to a percentage increase as agreed upon by 10 HCR or the regulating municipal housing agency, not to exceed an annual 11 interest rate of three percent simple; 12 (b) Ensure that a unit in which a tenant determines to remain a renter 13 following a purchase under this article shall be maintained as a unit 14 subject to the requirements of section seven hundred ninety-nine-q of 15 this article, unless HCR determines a valid exemption or alternative 16 standard should apply for such unit assisted by HCR or other public 17 subsidy program which is subject to separate permanent affordability 18 requirement; and 19 (c) Prioritize making vacant or vacated units in the rental housing 20 accommodation available to households with incomes at or below the aver- 21 age neighborhood AMI at the time of purchase but not to exceed eighty 22 percent of AMI. 23 6. Mechanism. Permanent affordability restrictions shall materialize 24 as at least one of the following: 25 (a) A restrictive covenant placed on the recorded title deed to the 26 rental housing accommodation that runs with the land and is enforceable 27 by HCR against the TOPA buyer and its successors, and other affordabili- 28 ty restrictions in land leases or other recorded documents not specif- 29 ically listed in this subdivision, so long as HCR determines that such 30 restrictions are enforceable and likely to be enforced such as a 31 recorded mortgage promissory note and/or regulatory agreements with 32 local housing agencies where government subsidies are involved; and 33 (b) A community land trust lease, which is a ninety-nine-year renewa- 34 ble land lease with affordability and owner-occupancy restrictions. 35 7. Required recordings and filings. (a) All covenants created in 36 accordance with section seven hundred ninety-nine-q of this article 37 shall be recorded before or simultaneously with the close of escrow in 38 the office of the county recorder where the rental housing accommodation 39 is located and shall contain a legal description of the rental housing 40 accommodation, indexed to the name of the TOPA buyer as grantee. 41 (b) Each TOPA buyer of the rental housing accommodation shall be 42 required to file a document annually with HCR in which the TOPA buyer 43 affirmatively states the rents and share price for each unit in the 44 rental housing accommodation. HCR may engage a third-party monitoring 45 agent to monitor the compliance of this subdivision, pursuant to HCR 46 regulations. 47 § 799-s. Incentives. 1. Access to buyers. HCR shall endeavor to main- 48 tain and publicize the list of qualified purchasers in a manner that, to 49 the maximum extent feasible, promotes the existence of the qualified 50 purchasers as a readily accessible pool of potential buyers for covered 51 properties. HCR shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law and other- 52 wise feasible, publicize the existence of this list in a manner intended 53 to facilitate voluntary sales to qualified purchasers in a manner that 54 avoids or minimizes the need for a broker, other search costs, or other 55 transactions.A. 3353 21 1 2. Partial transfer tax exemption. The tax rate shall be reduced in 2 accordance with section fourteen hundred two of the tax law with respect 3 to any deed, instrument, or writing that affects a transfer under this 4 article. 5 3. Potential federal tax benefits. Any qualified purchaser that 6 purchases a rental housing accommodation under the right of first offer 7 set forth in section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article shall, 8 to the maximum extent permitted by law and otherwise feasible, be 9 obliged to work with the owner in good faith to facilitate an exchange 10 of real property of the kind described in 26 U.S.C. § 1031, for the 11 purpose of facilitating the owner's realization of any federal tax bene- 12 fits available under that section of the internal revenue code. 13 4. Information to owners. HCR shall produce an information sheet 14 describing the benefits of an owner's decision to accept a tenants' or 15 qualified purchaser's offer of purchase made in connection with the 16 first right to purchase set forth in sections seven hundred 17 ninety-nine-k and seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article. The 18 information sheet shall further explain that, even if an owner does not 19 accept a tenant's or qualified purchaser's offer to purchase a rental 20 housing accommodation pursuant to the right of first offer set forth in 21 section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article, the rental housing 22 accommodation will still be subject to the right of first refusal set 23 forth in section seven hundred ninety-nine-l of this article. The infor- 24 mation sheet shall contain a field in which the owner may acknowledge, 25 in writing, that the owner, or the owner's authorized representative, 26 has read and understood the information sheet. A tenant, tenant organ- 27 ization, or qualified purchaser that makes an offer to purchase a rental 28 housing accommodation under the right of first offer set forth in 29 section seven hundred ninety-nine-k of this article, shall include a 30 copy of, or link to, such information sheet with such offer of purchase, 31 but any failure to comply with this section shall have no effect on a 32 qualified purchaser's exercise of the right of first offer. 33 § 799-t. Enforcement. 1. Powers and duties of HCR. HCR shall be 34 authorized to take all appropriate action, including but not limited to 35 the actions specified in section seven hundred ninety-nine-a of this 36 article, to implement and enforce this article. 37 2. Implementation. (a) HCR shall promulgate rules and regulations 38 consistent with this article. 39 (b) HCR shall adopt regulations to implement a petition and hearing 40 procedure for administering the enforcement of this article. 41 (c) HCR shall establish and make available standard documents to 42 assist owners, tenants, tenant organizations, and qualified purchasers 43 in complying with the requirements of this article through an online 44 portal, provided that use of such documents does not necessarily estab- 45 lish compliance. 46 (d) Owner certification and disclosures. Every owner of a residential 47 property in the state shall, within fifteen days of the sale of such 48 residential property, submit to HCR a signed declaration, under penalty 49 of perjury, affirming that the sale of such residential property 50 complied with the requirements of this article. Such declaration shall 51 include the address of the relevant residential property and the name of 52 each new owner of the rental housing accommodation. HCR shall publish 53 all such addresses on its website. Failure to file a declaration 54 required by this paragraph shall result in the penalty described in 55 subparagraph (i) of paragraph (b) of subdivision three of this section.A. 3353 22 1 3. Enforcement. (a) Civil action. Any party may seek enforcement of 2 any right or provision under this article through a civil action filed 3 with a court of competent jurisdiction and, upon prevailing, shall be 4 entitled to remedies, including those described in paragraph (b) of this 5 subdivision. 6 (b) Penalties and remedies. 7 (i) Civil penalties. An owner who willfully or knowingly violates any 8 provision of this article shall be subject to a cumulative civil penalty 9 imposed by HCR in the amount of up to one thousand dollars per day, per 10 tenant-occupied unit in a rental housing accommodation, for each day 11 from the date the violation began until the requirements of this article 12 are satisfied, payable to the New York housing trust fund. 13 (ii) Legal remedies. Remedies in civil action brought under this 14 section shall include the following, which may be imposed cumulatively: 15 (A) Damages in an amount sufficient to remedy the harm to the plain- 16 tiff; 17 (B) In the event that an owner sells a rental housing accommodation 18 without complying with the requirements of this article, and if the 19 owner's violation of this article was knowing or willful, mandatory 20 civil penalties in an amount proportional to the culpability of the 21 owner and the value of the rental housing accommodation. There shall be 22 a rebuttable presumption that this amount is equal to ten percent of the 23 sale price of the rental housing accommodation for a willful or knowing 24 violation of this article, twenty percent of the sale price for a second 25 willful or knowing violation, and thirty percent of the sale price for 26 each subsequent willful or knowing violation. Civil penalties assessed 27 under this paragraph shall be payable to the New York housing trust 28 fund; and 29 (C) Reasonable attorneys' fees. 30 (iii) Equitable remedies. In addition to any other remedy or enforce- 31 ment measure that a tenant, tenant organization, qualified purchaser, or 32 HCR may seek under this section, any court of competent jurisdiction may 33 enjoin any sale or other action of an owner that would be made in 34 violation of this article. 35 § 799-u. Statutory construction. The purpose of this article shall be 36 to prevent the displacement of lower-income tenants in New York and to 37 preserve affordable housing by providing an opportunity for tenants to 38 own or remain renters in the properties in which tenants reside as 39 provided in this article. If a court finds ambiguity and there is any 40 reasonable interpretation of this article that favors the rights of the 41 tenant, then the court shall resolve ambiguity toward the end of 42 strengthening the legal rights of the tenant or tenant organization to 43 the maximum extent permissible under law. 44 § 799-v. Administration and reports. 1. HCR shall report annually on 45 the status of the tenant opportunity to purchase act program to the 46 legislature or to such legislative committee as the legislature may 47 designate. Such reports shall include, but shall not be limited to the 48 following: 49 (a) Statistics on the number and types of sales of tenant occupied 50 properties; 51 (b) Statistics on the number of tenants and qualified purchasers that 52 invoke action under this article; 53 (c) Number and types of units covered by this article; and 54 (d) Any other information the legislature or legislative committee may 55 request.A. 3353 23 1 2. HCR shall make available translation services in languages other 2 than English, where requested in advance by a tenant, tenant organiza- 3 tion, qualified purchaser, owner, or member of the public as it relates 4 to TOPA, to interpret and translate documents and procedures as needed. 5 § 799-w. Severability. If any word, phrase, clause, sentence, 6 subsection, section, or other portion of this article, or any applica- 7 tion thereof to any person or circumstance is declared void, unconstitu- 8 tional, or invalid for any reason by a decision of a court of competent 9 jurisdiction, then such word, phrase, clause, sentence, subsection, 10 section, or other portion, or the prescribed application thereof, shall 11 be severable, and the remaining provisions of this article, and all 12 applications thereof, not having been declared void, unconstitutional or 13 invalid, shall remain in full force and effect. The legislature hereby 14 declares that it would have passed this article, and each section, 15 subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, and word thereof, irrespective of 16 the fact that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses, 17 phrases, or words had been declared invalid or unconstitutional. 18 § 4. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after 19 it shall have become a law. Effective immediately, the addition, amend- 20 ment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implemen- 21 tation of this act on its effective date are authorized to be made and 22 completed on or before such effective date.
